Final

Question 1

parens patriae

Answer 1

state as parent &guardian

based on the concepts that children are not fully responsible for criminal conduct are capable of being rehabilitated

Question 2

how was EARLY juvenile court different from adult court? (4)

Answer 2

no juries
terminology was less harsh
no adversarial relationship
confidentiality

Question 3

juvenile court assumed authority over children when … (3)

Answer 3

the welfare of the child was threatened
the child was a status offender
when the child was a delinquent

Question 4

status offenders

Answer 4

a child who commits an act that if they were adults, the court would not have any authority over them

(runaways)

Question 5

delinquents

Answer 5

juveniles who commit an act that is criminal for both adults &juveniles

Question 6

general process (3)

Answer 6

dismiss the case
intake (transfer to adult court/remain in juvenile)
diver offender to rehabilitation programs

Question 7

automatic transfer

Answer 7

juveniles who are accused of serious crimes are automatically “moved up” to adult court

Question 8

prosecutorial discretion

Answer 8

prosecutors make the decision to file charges in adult court

Question 9

juvenile adjudication hearings (4)

Answer 9

juvenile has similar rights as they would have in an adult criminal trial
proof beyond reasonable doubt
process is more informal as juveniles &their families often waive their right to an attorney
judge is required to determine whether the juvenile is delinquent

Question 10

disposition process (3)

Answer 10

happens after being found delinquent
judges have great discretion in choosing the disposition
NOT a punishment… court develops plan to protect the youth &society

Question 11

disposition includes (3)

Answer 11

confinement
probation
community treatment

Question 12

confinement

Answer 12

juveniles are not sentenced to jail / prison

Question 13

non secure confinement

Answer 13

allows subject freedom of movement

(foster care programs, group homes

Question 14

secure confinement

Answer 14

comparable to adult prisons

secure lockup facilities, training schools

Question 15

boot camps

Answer 15

military style group orientated rehabilitation program designed to alter the character &values of the juvenile offender

Question 16

scared straight programs

Answer 16

involves taking juvenile delinquents on organized tours of prison facilities
ends w speeches given by inmates
does not work

Question 17

what can be done to decrease juvenile delinquency? (2)

Answer 17

transfer to adult court

social control regulation

Question 18

social control regulation (3)

Answer 18

curfews
parental responsibility statutes
community based programs

Question 19

%firearms for murder

Answer 19

69%

Question 20

%firearms for robberies

Answer 20

40%

Question 21

%firearms for aggravated assaults

Answer 21

21.6%

Question 22

who is most affected by gun violence? (3)

Answer 22

ages 15-24
teens/young adults most likely to be murdered w a gun
occurs in cities &urban communities

Question 23

major federal gun control laws (4)

Answer 23

national firearms act of 1934
gun control act of 1968
brady handgun violence prevention act of 1993
assault weapons ban of 1994

Question 24

concealed carry

Answer 24

when a person is carrying a weapon in close proximity to another person

Question 25

no issue states

Answer 25

concealed carry permits are not issued for any private citizen &the concealed carry permits of other states are not recognized

Question 26

may issue states

Answer 26

local authorities have some discretion &are not required by law ot issue the permits

Question 27

shall issue states

Answer 27

have laws permitting concealed carry of firearms once certain criteria are met law enforcement agencies have no discretion in issuing the permit

Question 28

unrestricted states

Answer 28

allow private citizens to carry concealed weapons w/out a permit

Question 29

concealed carry in illinois (3)

Answer 29

2013, last state to adopt a concealed carry law SHALL ISSUE STATE prohibited in a number of places (gov buildings, hospitals, nursing homes, schools)

Question 30

when was gun ban struck down in chicago by supreme court

Answer 30

2010 | mcdonald vs chicago

Question 31

how do people get their guns illegally? (2)

Answer 31

steal/borrow them | illicit gun market

Question 32

what can be done to decrease gun violence? (4)

Answer 32

pulling levers intelligence led policing gun buyback programs initiatives can focus on the supply &demand for gun

Question 33

self defense

Answer 33

use of deadly force in defense of a person a citizen is justified in the use of force which is intended to cause death / great bodily harm only if they reasonably believe that such force is necessary to prevent imminent death

Question 34

justify self defense in house

Answer 34

if entry is violent &the citizen reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent as assault to them/another person then it is okay

Question 35

gang

Answer 35

group of 3 or more persons who self identify themselves as an entity separate from the community engage in criminal activity (special clothing, vocabulary, hand signals, names)

Question 36

types of gangs (3)

Answer 36

street prison outlaw motorcycle

Question 37

street gangs

Answer 37

criminal organizations formed on the street &operating throughout the US

Question 38

prison gangs

Answer 38

criminal organization that originated within the penal system &operate within correctional facilities throughout the US

Question 39

outlaw motorcycle

Answer 39

organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises

Question 40

%gangs are responsible for violent crime

Answer 40

48%

Question 41

%gangs are responsible for murders in chicago

Answer 41

half

Question 42

gang trends

Answer 42

peaked in mid 1990s decreased until early 2000s since early 2000s, increased again

Question 43

general characteristics for gang members (3)

Answer 43

between 19 &20 avg about 180 members, specialty gangs avg 25 members 8%-15% youths part of gang some point in their lives highest in large cities

Question 44

% of female gang members

Answer 44

10%

Question 45

myth/reality: | youths are pressured by peers &adults to join gangs

Answer 45

myth

Question 46

myth/reality: | gangs overpower youths w initiation rituals

Answer 46

myth

Question 47

myth/reality: | once youths join a gang, it is permanent

Answer 47

myth

Question 48

%current users of any illegal drug

Answer 48

9.4%

Question 49

%current users of alcohol

Answer 49

52.5%

Question 50

%current users who smoke cigarettes

Answer 50

25.5%

Question 51

%current users who smoke marijuana

Answer 51

7.5%

Question 52

%current users who use cocaine

Answer 52

0.6%

Question 53

%current users who use meth

Answer 53

0.2%

Question 54

marijuana media date

Answer 54

1930s

Question 55

crack media date

Answer 55

1980s

Question 56

meth media date

Answer 56

1980s - 2000s

Question 57

%got prescription drug from friend/relative for free

Answer 57

53%

Question 58

%got prescription drug thru doctor

Answer 58

21%

Question 59

%took prescription drug from friend/relative

Answer 59

15%

Question 60

%got prescription drug from drug dealer/stranger

Answer 60

4%

Question 61

where does heroin come from

Answer 61

mexico/south america

Question 62

where does cocaine come from

Answer 62

colombia peru bolivia

Question 63

where does marijuana come from

Answer 63

domestically grown in US | remainder is from mexico, colombia, &canada

Question 64

%black people use crack vs powder

Answer 64

82% crack | 27% powder

Question 65

drug courts

Answer 65

focus on finding treatment options instead of simply sentencing individuals to jail/prison cost effective

Question 66

legalization debate (3)

Answer 66

legalization decriminalization prescription/maintenance models