Final Flashcards
Which part of the brain filters sensory information and forwards only a fraction of it to the cerebral cortex?
thalamus
The sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle is
a: AV node
b: AV bundle
c: SA node
d: through the atria
e: through the ventricles
f: bundle branches
g: Purkinje fibers
c, d, a, b, f, g, e
Which structure does not serve to increase surface area in the small intestine?
rugae
What part of the retina lacks photocs?
optic disc
Which glial cell protects neuron cell bodies located within ganglia?
satellite cell
Lymph
is excess interstitial fluid.
Fluid-filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called
bursae.
An anatomy student observes muscle fibers under the microscope. The cells are striated and form Y-shaped branches. The muscle tissue observed must be
cardiac
The joint formed by the axis and atlas that permits the “no” shaking of the head is a _____ joint.
pivot
The muscle that makes up the calf of the leg is the
gastrocnemius
Which is not a correct association of an endocrine gland with a hormone it secretes?
Anterior lobe of the pituitary - melatonin
Which muscle forms the traditional “six-pack” of a well-toned abdominal wall?
rectus abdominis
Which of the following structures helps hold other organelles in place, maintains cell shape and rigidity, and directs organelle movement?
microtubule
Which is not an effector innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
skeletal muscle
Which is a function of the brain’s frontal lobe?
verbal communication
The carbon dioxide molecules that bind to the hemoglobin molecule are attached to the __________ units.
globin
The acrosome cap contains
enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.
The two types of cells that make up the nervous system are
neurons and glial cells.
The movement of glucose across a plasma membrane is achieved by
facilitated diffusion.
Late one night, while studying for your anatomy class, you open a box of saltine crackers to do a little snacking. After chewing on a starchy morsel for a few minutes, you begin to notice a sweet taste in your mouth. What accounts for this
salivary amylase activity
Choose the answer that correctly lists, in chronological order, the events involved in synaptic transmission.
a: A nerve impulse reaches the synaptic knob
b: Neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the synaptic cleft
c: A nerve impulse begins in the postsynaptic cell
d: Neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the postsynaptic cell
e: A voltage change occurs in the postsynaptic cell
a, b, d, e, c
secondary oocyte arrests in
metaphase II.
The normal site of fertilization is the
uterine tube
Which is not a function of the urinary system?
regulation of lymphocyte production
The base of the heart is formed primarily by the
left atrium
What is the value of transitional epithelium in the urinary system?
It allows distension.
What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?
Serves as model for bone formation
Valves in veins
cause venous blood flow to go in only one direction.
Based on its name, orbicularis oris is _________blank in appearance.
circular
The major pathway of communication between the right and left hemisphere is/are the
corpus callosum.
The term that refers to the ability of organisms to respond to a stimulus is
responsiveness.
Which type of innervation causes the heart rate to increase?
sympathetic
The pericardium is a two-layered serous membrane that
encloses the heart.
Which is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
CSF helps to promote mitosis within neuronal tissue.
Among the constituents of plasma, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are classified as
electrolytes.
What is the connective tissue wrapping that surrounds bundles (fascicles) of axons?
Perineurium
Of the abdominopelvic regions, the one that is the superior of the middle column is called the
epigastric
Which describes the anatomic position?
all of the choices are correct
Axons terminate at each of these locations except
bone
Which contraction occurs when you try (unsuccessfully) to move a wall?
Isometric
Inhaled air is humidified and warmed by the
nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses.
Stepping on a piece of glass would most likely invoke a _____ reflex.
withdrawal
As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries
get smaller.
These receptors respond to touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch.
Mechanoreceptors
Which is a correct listing of the hierarchy of a skeletal muscle’s components, beginning with the smallest?
a: Myofibrils
b: Muscle fiber
c: Fascicle
d: Skeletal muscle
a, b, c, d
continuous conduction of a nerve impulse occurs only along
unmyelinated axons.
Which glial cell provides structural support and organization to the CNS?
Astrocyte
Molecules are formed from two or more
atoms.
Arrange the cerebral lobes visible on the superior surface of the brain in the correct anterior-posterior order.
a: Parietal
b: Frontal
c: Occipital
b, a, c
A brain ventricle located in the cerebrum is the _____ ventricle.
lateral
Which are components of the lymphatic system?
a: Thyroid gland
b: Spleen
c: Red bone marrow
d: Thymus gland
e: Lymph nodes
f: Tonsils
b, c, d, e, f
The term “flagellum” is appropriate for the structure it represents because it means
a whip.
The interphase period of cell division has _________blank distinct phases.
3
The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
mediastinum.
Which is not a type of lymphatic cell?
Astrocyte
Which is going to result in significant agglutination?
Donor is Type AB and recipient is Type B
Villi
increase surface area in the small intestine.
The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called
hemopoiesis.
Which abdominopelvic regions have both a right and left side?
Lumbar, iliac, and hypochondriac
Stenosis (constriction) of the hepatopancreatic ampulla would interfere with
the transport of bile and pancreatic juice.
Which are not tonsils?
Palatoglossal tonsils
The directional term that means “away from the midline of the body” is
lateral.
Which statement is true regarding the location of the trachea?
It lies anterior to the esophagus, inferior to the larynx, and superior to the primary bronchi of the lungs.
Arrange the cerebral lobes visible on the superior surface of the brain in the correct anterior-posterior order.
a: Parietal
b: Frontal
c: Occipital
b, a, c
A _________blank epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells attached directly to a basement membrane
simple squamous
Where are synaptic knobs located?
At the tips of telodendria
Where are the renal pyramids located within the kidney?
Renal medulla
The inferior tip of the spinal cord is the ___________ part.
coccygeal
Inhaled air is humidified and warmed by the
nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses.
In humans, the only cell that bears a flagellum is the _________blank cell.
sperm
The agglutinogens that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are
found on the surface of erythrocytes.
Billions of CNS interneurons are grouped in complex patterns called neuronal
pools.
The _________blank is the cell’s control center.
nucleus
As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries
get smaller.
Which are characteristic of type A blood?
a: Has anti-A antibodies
b: Has anti-B antibodies
c: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes
d: Has surface antigen B on its erythrocytes
e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
f: Will agglutinate with blood type B
b, c, f
A neuron conducting an impulse from the CNS to the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder would be classified as a(n) _________ _________ neuron.
autonomic motor
The “master control center” of the endocrine system is the
hypothalamus.
Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?
The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntarily.
The word _________blank implies an imaginary flat surface passing through the body.
plane
Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the
oral cavity.
Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the
liver and spleen.
The base of the heart is formed primarily by the
left atrium.
Puberty is initiated by the secretion of
gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
Which term best describes receptors that detect stimuli from the external environment
Exteroceptors
Which is not one of the four primary tissue types?
Endocrine
These receptors respond to pain caused by external and internal stimuli.
Nociceptors
The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes ______ different hormones, while the posterior pituitary stores and secretes only ______ different hormones.
7; 2
This portion of the brain adjusts skeletal muscle activity to maintain equilibrium and posture.
Cerebellum
The location of conscious thought processes and the origin of all complex intellectual functions is the
cerebrum.
These receptors detect changes in light intensity, color, and movement.
Photoreceptors
The largest arteries of the body are classified as
elastic arteries.
Which structure marks the end of the left ventricle and the entrance to the aorta?
Aortic semilunar valve
Which term best describes receptors that detect stimuli from internal organs?
Interoceptors
The primary motor cortex is part of the
frontal lobe.
Which contraction occurs when you try (unsuccessfully) to move a wall?
Isometric
Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn) occurs when…
the mom is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive
