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social work 266 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Strengths Perspective

A

is a philosophical approach to social work positing
that the goals, strengths, and resources of people and their environment, rather
than their problems and pathologies should be the central focus of the helping
process

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2
Q

Social Programs

A

specific set of activities that are designed to solve social problems. For example, public social policies that create childhood nutrition programs make it possible for children to be adequately fed.

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3
Q

Social Problems

A

are concerns about the quality of life for large groups of people that are either held as a broad consensus among a populations or are voiced by social economic elites

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4
Q

Self-determination

A

Refers to people’s control over their own destiny.

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5
Q

Institutional Approach

A

Asserts that the government should assure basic food, healthcare, income, employment, and educations as a right of citizenship in advanced economies.

preventive

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6
Q

Residual Approach

A

relief provided only if only if the market place and family wasn’t able to fill a persons needs.

stop gap

small quantities

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7
Q

Monetary Policy

A

Milton Friedman

believed that supply side economics could actually damage the economy so instead the government should focus on promoting steady growth in the nation’s money supply, that is the total amount of money that is circulating through the economy.

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8
Q

Fiscal Policy

A

Keynes

government should stabilize the economy by increasing or decreasing taxes in response to economic conditions. When individuals or private business do not consume or invest enough then the government should intervene.

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9
Q

Mandatory Spending

A

Government spending that is directed towards groups or individuals that are legally entitled to it, as well as interest on our national debt.

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10
Q

Discretionary Spending

A

Discretionary spending is a spending category through which governments can spend through an appropriations bill. This spending is optional as part of fiscal policy, in contrast to entitlement programs for which funding is mandatory

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11
Q

Entitlement Programs

A

all citizens who meet the eligibility requirements legally qualify. (Social Security, Medicare)

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12
Q

Progressive Tax

A

require those with higher incomes to pay higher rates of taxes. (income taxes)

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13
Q

Regressive Tax

A

require those with lower incomes to pay higher rates or proportions of their incomes. (sales tax)

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14
Q

General Tax Revenue

A

Is not dedicated automatically for functions such as road maintenance but can be used for general purposes.

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15
Q

Tax expenditures

A

tax deductions that the government extends to certain groups in order to assist them in obtaining services such as housing, health care, and education.

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16
Q

Eligibility Rules

A

Stipulate who receives services. Some require that people can only receive benefits if they have made prior contributions.

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17
Q

Service Delivery System

A

How social services are accessed. Sometimes through private or public agencies.

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18
Q

English Poor Law 1601

A

Worthy vs Unworthy Poor

outdoor relief.

local responsibility, each locality was responsible for helping only its own residents.

almshouses were supported by private funds, and they were reserved for the “worthy poor,”

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19
Q

Indoor Relief

A

Aid provided in institutional settings such as work houses.

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20
Q

Outdoor Relief

A

outdoor relief-aid provided to them in

their homes or other non-institutional settings.

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21
Q

Jane Addams

A

Founded Hull House in 1889

focus on environment

NAACP

policy work / macro wok

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22
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

a leader in the mental health reform movement

19th century

Wanted the federal government to provide institutions for the mentally ill.

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23
Q

Mary Richmond

A

In 1917, Mary Richmond published Social Diagnosis

focus on the individual

professionalization

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24
Q

Settlement Houses

A

Hull House 1886

Houses places in poorer neighborhoods where reformers wanted to implement change

residence based aid

provided poor with social capital

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25
Q

Charity Organization Societies

A

Grounded in “Social Darwinism” believed that the poor caused their own poverty (bad genetics, bad morals)

“scientific charity,” which involved the use of systematic procedures to assess who was in need

“friendly visitors”

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26
Q

Social Security Act of 1935

A

entitlement vs assistance

funded through FICA

original act made provisions for old-age benefits; financial assistance to elderly,the blind,and dependent children

OASDI social insurance program for the “worthy” who paid in

27
Q

Medicare Part A

A

Medicare hospital insurance that pays for inpatient hospital stays, care in a skilled nursing facility, hospice care, and some home health care.

28
Q

Medicare Part B

A

Medicare coverage helps pay for physician services, medical supplies, and other outpatient services not paid for by Medicare Part A.

29
Q

Medicare Part C

A

The part of Medicare that expands the list of different types of entities allowed to offer health plans to Medicare beneficiaries. Also known as Medicare+Choice

30
Q

Medicare Part D

A

Medicare prescription drug benefit, is a federal program to subsidize the costs of prescription drugs for Medicare beneficiaries

31
Q

Medicaid

A

Medicaid provides health care for certain categories of people with very low incomes as part of public assistance.

It is a means-tested program that is
financed jointly by federal and state dollars.

32
Q

Block Grants

A

allow the state more discretion over how federal
monies will be spent. However, block grants typically are capped, so that if the need for services increases, the federal government will not automatically provide additional funding.

33
Q

Worthy/Unworthy Poor

A

Worthy poor are those seen as deserving of assistance such as orphans and the elderly. The worthy poor tend to have better services and their services have less stigma.

Unworthy poor those seen as undeserving of aid such as single able bodied males.

34
Q

Americans with Disability Act

A

1990 law that bans discrimination against people with physical or mental disabilities in such areas as employment and transportation

35
Q

State Children’s Insurance Program

A

1997 authorizes states to offer health insurance to children,up to the age of 19, who are not already insured.

Signed under Clinton Administration

36
Q

No Child Left Behind

A

Outcome based education

Testing

Policy well intended but with no funding it failed

37
Q

Affordable Care Act

A

2010 U.S. joined the community of nations that ensure health care as a basic right
for most of their people, rather than a privilege for some.

In the health care reform legislation, risk is shifting
from individuals to the federal and state government

38
Q

EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit)

A

enacted by congress in 1975 in order to decrease the impact of Medicare and Social Security taxes that are deducted from the wages earned by low-income families with children

provided a refundable tax credit to
families whose incomes fell below the federal poverty line

39
Q

Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

A

Lilly Ledbetter sued Goodyear Tire after 20 years’ of service when she realized that, although she had the most experience, she was the lowest-paid supervisor

Signed by Obama allows individuals to bring about a lawsuit within 180 days of any issuance of a discriminatory paycheck

40
Q

Temporary Assistance to Needy Families

A

TANF is a state-level block grant that empowers
each state to determine when and under what circumstances it will provide cash assistance to families in poverty. States are no longer required to provide assistance to any individual or family.

Replaced AFDC in 1996 under the Clinton Administration

41
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

banned unequal voter registration, racial discrimination

Equal employment for women and people of color.

Denied federal funds to schools that discriminate

42
Q

Mathew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act

A

Signed by Obama in 2009

This legislation extends federal hate crimes law to include crimes motivated by a victim’s gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.

Seen as a big win for LGBTQ advocates

43
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

refers to the system where the government comes up with an income level threshold called a poverty line, which is used to determine who is in poverty. Typically used when creating social policy.

44
Q

Relative Poverty

A

Is influenced highly by societal standards that determine a threshold of income that allows people to purchase what is considered an adequate standard of living.

a common measure for relative poverty is 50% of the average family income in a country or political subdivision.

45
Q

Poverty line formula

A

based on the least costly economical food plan (temporarily nutrition adequate). Speculates people spend 1/3 of their budget on food.

46
Q

OASD(H)I

A

Old Age, Survivors, Disability, and Hospital Insurance

federally funded New Deal Program

47
Q

TANF Eligibility

A

In WA state family must have resources of less than $1000 and car can not exceed $5000 in value

participate in workfirst program

and teenage mothers must be on an approved plan

48
Q

SSI (Supplemental Security Income)

A

provides disability payments to those who don’t have a work history

funded through general tax revenues

eligibility based on age, blindness, disability, plus income/asset test

49
Q

General Assistance

A

is provided to assist poor individuals and families who do not qualify or are waiting for approval for federal programs such as SSI and TANF. GA programs provide minimal assistance and are generally a last resort for people in need.

50
Q

WIC

A

Must have at or below 185% of the poverty line.

Women qualify if they are pregnant. And for a year after the baby is born if javascript:toggle_readerfeatures(‘glossary’, ‘glossary-img’);she breastfeeds. If she doesn’t breastfeed its for 6 months.

Children are eligible for other benefits until WIC benefits until their 5th birthday

51
Q

SNAP

A

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

130% of the poverty line or below
and less than $2,000 in assets

All public assistance recipients qualify for food stamps as are everyone who meets state or federal requirements

must be working

52
Q

Child Maltreatment

A

harm caused by parents or primary care-givers and includes neglect, physical abuse, sexual and emotional abuse.

53
Q

Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980

A

was enacted to apply more emphasis on child safety and to increase the number of adoptions, thereby reducing the amount of time children spend in the foster care system

54
Q

ADA and special education

A

ADA ( Americans with disabilities act) bans discrimination against those with disabilities

requires school to make accommodations for those with disabilities.

Schools had to create special education programs after the law.

55
Q

Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978

A

requires that effort must be made to leave Native American children with their families and empowers tribes to oversee decision making regarding Native American children.

56
Q

Deinstitutionalization

A

the process of moving mental health patients out of hospitals into the community.

57
Q

Co-occurring Conditions

A

Formerly known as dual diagnosis or dual disorder, co-occurring disorders describe the presence of two or more disorders at the same time. For example, a person may suffer substance abuse as well as bipolar disorder.

58
Q

Mental Health Parity

A

2008 required that treatment limitations and financial requirements for mental illness have to be equal to physical health care

59
Q

Older American Act

A

a social policy designed to live in the community and avoid institutionalization

includes funding for group meals and transportation..

60
Q

Pensions

A

a regular payment made during a person’s retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life

61
Q

Solvency of Entitlements

A

Social insurance programs need to be reformed now to ensure their solvency for future generations, of elder beneficiaries, and to protect the health of the overall economy so that the US can continue to meet the needs of other cohorts as well.

62
Q

Forecasting

A

predict or estimate (a future event or trend)

63
Q

Service fragmentation

A

Means that many agencies will be offering services with less overall coordination or attention to overlapping services and gaps in services.

Example: many churches have had to open food pantries in order to feed low income family who no longer receive public welfare.

social work 266 (3 decks)

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