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AnP > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

0
Q

from trachea to alveoli

A

lower respiratory tract

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1
Q

from nose to trachea

A

upper respiratory tract

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2
Q

how many lobes in the left lung

right?

A

2 left

3 right

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3
Q

what lines the trachea?

A

cilia

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4
Q

how thick is the alveolar shell?

A

1 cell

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5
Q

describe the path of inhalation
now exhalation
whats upper? whats lower?

A 
mouth (oral cavity) and nose (nasal cavity)
pharynx
epiglottis (open or closed)
larynx (contains vocal chords)
trachea
bronchi
bronchial tree
alveoli
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6
Q

3 reasons why we breathe

A

exchange O2
“ CO2
control blood acidity by exchanging CO2

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7
Q

what chemicals do we breathe in/out?

percentages?

A 
In
O2 - 21%
N2 - 78%
CO2 - .04%
H2O - 1%
Out
O2 - 16%
N2 - 78%
CO2 - 4%
H2O - 2%
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8
Q

diaphragm n external intercostals relax..

inhalation or exhalation?

A

exhalation

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9
Q

higher pressure inside the lungs..

inhalation or exhalation

A

exhalation

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10
Q

diaphragm and external intercostals contract..

inhalation or exhalation

A

inhalation

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11
Q

lower pressure inside lungs..

inhalation or exhalation?

A

inhalation

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12
Q

as much air as u can hold in ur lungs upon inhalation

how much?

A

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

4200-6000 ml

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13
Q

air still in ur lungs after u forcibly exhale

how much?

A 
residual volume (RV)
1100-1200ml
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14
Q

max amt of air exhaled after forcible inhalation

how much?

A 
Vital Capacity (VC)
3100-4800 ml
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15
Q

vol of air either inhaled or exhaled at rest

how much?

A 
Tidal Volume (TV)
500 ml
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16
Q

whats the main difference bw men n women regarding volumes n capacities of the lungs?

A

lung size

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17
Q

BF

A

breathing frequency

18
Q

VO2max

A

max vol of oxygen used by skeletal muscles during exercise

19
Q

Ve

A

ventilation per min

20
Q

VT

A

ventilation threshold

21
Q

VO2

A

volume of oxygen used during exercise

22
Q

what is the equation for Ve?

A

Ve = TV x BF

23
Q

what is true about Ve if it is constant?

A

if TV goes up, BF goes down

24
Q

what four factors send impulses to the brain stem, which in turn, will send impulses to increase breathing frequency?

A

increases blood CO2
muscle contractions
increase in body temp
increase in blood lactic acid

25
Q

BF at rest?

at max exercise?

A

10-15bpm

30-35bpm

26
Q

TV at rest?

at max exercise?

A

500ml

2500-3600ml

27
Q

Ve at rest?

at max exercise?

A

5000ml or 5L

126000 or 126L

28
Q

air movement in one constant direction

A

laminar flow

29
Q

air movement in multiple changing directions

A

turbulent flow

30
Q

how long does glycolysis last?

A

15sec - 15mins

31
Q

another name for ETC

A

oxidative phosphorylation

32
Q

what muscle types for VO2max?
0-70%
70-98%
99-100%

A

type 1
type 2a
type 2b

33
Q

explain body morphology
endo
meso
ecto

A

endo - fat
meso - average
ecto - tall skinny

34
Q

t/f

no differences bw male n female in anaerobic or aerobic pathways b4 puberty

A

t

35
Q

during and after puberty what muscle fibers are most likely in males n females?

A

males - type 2

females - type 1

36
Q

working the body harder than it is normally worked

A

overload

37
Q

a systematic increase in overload throughout an extended period of time

A

progression

38
Q

performing exercises that r specific to the fitness components of interest

A

specificity

39
Q

combination of physical and psychological stress that can cause tiredness, staleness, decrease in performance, and increase risk of injury

A

overtraining

40
Q

the slowing or stopping of a training program such that ones ability and performance begin to slowly return to their previous state

A

detraining

41
Q

how much should overload b to prevent injury?

A

approx 5-10% increase in workload every week

42
Q

what are four changes in the energy system’s result from training?

A
  1. greater number of mitochondria
  2. greater stores of ATP-PC
  3. greater stores of lactate buffers
  4. greater amt of metabolic enzymes necessary for making ATP, which makes the trained energy pathway more efficient and faster

AnP (3 decks)

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