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Anatomy & Physiology > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

Branchial

A

Arm

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2
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower back

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3
Q

Axillary

A

Arm pit

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4
Q

Calcaneal

A

Heel

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5
Q

Digital

A

Fingers

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6
Q

Deltoid

A

Shoulder

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7
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

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8
Q

Proton

A

Positively charge atomic particle

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9
Q

Glycogen

A

Stored form of sugar in body

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10
Q

Polar

A

Opposite charged ends

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11
Q

Carboxyl group

A

COOH molecule

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12
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

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13
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Supports framework of cell

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14
Q

Lysosomes

A

Cellular garbage disposal

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15
Q

Nucleus

A

Center of cell

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16
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

Double layered membrane around nucleus

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17
Q

Centrioles

A

Cell division

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18
Q

Mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of cell

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19
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Processes and packagers proteins for export

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20
Q

Chromatin

A

Thread like structure of dna protein

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21
Q

Nuclear pores

A

Regulates passage of molecules in nucleus

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22
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Lines body cavaties

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23
Q

Reticular fibers

A

Supports small structures like capillaries

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24
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

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25
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

Body’s largest membrane

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26
Q

Osteocytes

A

Bone cells

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27
Q

Endoderm

A

Inner layer of fertilized egg

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28
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Outer layer of epidermis

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29
Q

Melanin

A

Protects nucleus from sun damage

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30
Q

Eccrine gland

A

Secretes sweat

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31
Q

Epidermis

A

Outermost layer of skin

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32
Q

Stratum basal exercise

A

Inner layer of epidermis

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33
Q

Keratin

A

Hard, horny tissue/protein

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34
Q

Papillae

A

Binds layer of skin together

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35
Q

Dermis

A

Inner layer of skin

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36
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded knob that fits into fofsa in bone to make a joint

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37
Q

Crest

A

Moderately raised ridge

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38
Q

Meatus

A

Tube like opening

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39
Q

Tubercle

A

Small rounded process

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40
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Movement of toes/foot upwards

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41
Q

Flexing

A

Bending joint to decrease its angle

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42
Q

Internal rotation

A

Bone spins towards body midline

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43
Q

Abduction

A

Movement of body part away from midline

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44
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving distal end of appendage in a circle

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45
Q

Extension

A

Straightening joint to increase angle between bones

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46
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Moving toes/foot downward

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47
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

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48
Q

Humerus

A

Long bone of upper arm

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49
Q

Phalanges

A

Fingers

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50
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap

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51
Q

Mandible

A

Jaw

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52
Q

Malleolus

A

Ankle

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53
Q

Radius

A

Bone closest to thumb

54
Q

Deltoid

A

Rotate arm

55
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Extends upper arm backwards

56
Q

Trapezius

A

Raise/lowers shoulders

57
Q

Sartorius

A

Flextion of hip and knee

58
Q

External intercostals

A

Elevate ribs

59
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Helps bend at the waist

60
Q

Triceps branchii

A

Forearm extension

61
Q

Soma

A

Contains nucleus

62
Q

Synaptic knob

A

Secretes neurotransmitters

63
Q

Dendrite

A

Conduct nerve impulses towards cell

64
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Protects neuron

65
Q

Neuron

A

Cells of nervous system

66
Q

Neuroglia

A

Supportive cells on Nervous system

67
Q

Iris

A

Ring of colored muscle that helps adjust pupil diameter

68
Q

Retina

A

Layer of light sensitive cells that make up neural inner layer

69
Q

Choroid

A

Highly vascular tissue layer that supplies oxygen to sclera and retina

70
Q

Sclera

A

Outermost layer of eye

71
Q

Posterior cavity

A

Large eye cavity filled with vitrious humor

72
Q

Canal of schlemn

A

Drains aqueous humor

73
Q

Cornea

A

Sits over iris and emits light to eye

74
Q

Ciliary body

A

Where aqueous humor is secreted

75
Q

Lens

A

Changes shape for near/far vision

76
Q

Prolactin

A

Milk production is mammory female glands

77
Q

Somatotropin

A

Protein synthesis, muscle growth, metabolism

78
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hormone that starts birth contractions

79
Q

Luteinizing Hormone

A

Stimulates ovulation

80
Q

Vasopressin

A

Secreted to preserve fluid for urine output in kidney

81
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone

A

Stimulates thyroid gland to secrete hormone

82
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature form of red blood cells

83
Q

Erthyrocyte

A

Delivers oxygen and takes away carbon dioxide

84
Q

Neutrophil

A

Most abundant type of white blood cells

85
Q

Eosinophil

A

Gets rid of foreign substance in allergic reaction

86
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Produces fragments that turn into platelits

87
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Responsible for long term immunity

88
Q

Agranulocyte

A

White blood cells (lymphocytes & monocytes)

89
Q

Basophil

A

Secretes heparin (prevents clotting)

90
Q

Monocyte

A

Phagocytic cell that migrates tissue

91
Q

Base

A

Broadest part of heart

92
Q

Right atrium

A

Received deoxygenated blood

93
Q

Left ventricle

A

Pumps deoxygenated blood to body

94
Q

Apex

A

Point of maximum impulse (PMI)

95
Q

Right ventricle

A

Pump’s deoxygenated blood to lungs

96
Q

Left atrium

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from lungs to left ventricle

97
Q

Tunica intima

A

Lines all blood vessels

98
Q

Capillaries

A

Exchange oxygen and nutrients

99
Q

Medium sized veins

A

Blood vessels with one way valve

100
Q

Tunica externa

A

Layer of blood vessel wall made of strong fibrous connective tissue

101
Q

Sinusoids

A

Vessels that larger protein molecules can pass through

102
Q

Capacitance vessels

A

Veins based on ability to carry blood

103
Q

Tunica media

A

Produces chemicals that cause dilation/constriction of blood vessels

104
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

105
Q

Alveoli

A

Gas exchange occurs

106
Q

Bronchi

A

Large air pathway tubes

107
Q

Carina

A

Cartilage ridge at end of trachea

108
Q

Bronchioles

A

Small airways

109
Q

Larynx

A

Passageway between pharynx and trachea that produces sound

110
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

111
Q

Renal medulla

A

Inner region of kidney

112
Q

Renal columns

A

Divides kidney into cone shaped sections

113
Q

Hilium

A

Where kidney attaches to body

114
Q

Renal cortex

A

Outer region of kidney

115
Q

Major calyx

A

Structure that forms renal pelvis

116
Q

Renal pyramids

A

Cone shaped sections in kidney

117
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Becomes ureter

118
Q

Pepsin

A

Hydro mixed peptide bonds between amino acids

119
Q

Lipase

A

Secreted by pancreas to digest fat

120
Q

Peptidase

A

Break protein chains

121
Q

Amylase

A

Secretes in mouth to break down carbohydrates

122
Q

Trypsin/chymotrypsin

A

From pancreas and work in duodenum to break peptide bonds

123
Q

Lactase

A

Enzyme secreted by brushorder of small intestine boarder

124
Q

Hymen

A

Fold of mucous membrane that covers entrance of vagina

125
Q

Fundus

A

Upper portion of uterus

126
Q

Isthmus

A

Portion of fallopian closest to uterus

127
Q

Fimbriae

A

Finger like projections at end of fallopian tube

128
Q

Cervix

A

Inferior end of uterus

129
Q

Ampulla

A

Middle portion of fallopian tube

130
Q

Uterus

A

muscular chamber that houses growing fetus

Anatomy & Physiology (5 decks)

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