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8th History > Final 150 Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Final 150 Pt. 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

Fertile land

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

A joint-stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Easy to defend

No farmland

Didn’t have enough food

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4
Q

John Smith

A

First governor of Jamestown

Forced people to work

When he left England, Jamestown suffered

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Saved John Smith

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas

Learn how to grow certain type of tobacco, and sold the first crop in 1816

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Allowed Virginia to grow

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led people to Jamestown and set it on fire

Nathaniel Bacon

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Pilgrims planned to go to New York but instead landed in Plymouth

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists that came to the colonies for religious freedom

Came to America on the mayflower in 1620

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship pilgrims came to America on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A document that provided the laws and helped developed government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Led the pilgrims for over 30 years

Most famous for writing Of Plymouth Plantations

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Showed pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and squash!!!!

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted to reform

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

John Winthrop was the groups governor

Puritans believed in a form of theocracy

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the mass bay colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Taken to trial over disagreeing with puritans

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and procedures of people accused of witchcraft

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20
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker that wrote their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Very tolerant of other’s religions

They were pacifists- people who refuse to fight in wars

Positive treatment towards women

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refused to fight in wars

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

First governor

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that swept through the colonies

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25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system where slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the colonies

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26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Albany Plan of Union- called for 1 government for the 13 colonies

Designed to help the colonies defend themselves from the French

Join or Die- first political cartoon

Poor Richards almanack- written by Benjamin Franklin

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27
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

John Peter Zenger accused the governor of New York of corruption in the New York weekly journal

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28
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

Wanted to control fur trade

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29
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Halted western expansion by settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains

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30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered taxes on Molasses to try and stop people from smuggling

31
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Place a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies

32
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A fight between townspeople and British soldiers

5 people died in the Boston massacre

33
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board on East India Trading Compony ship and destroy tea by throwing it in the Boston harbor

34
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Wanted to punish citizens of Boston by closing down the harbor

35
Q

Patrick Henry

A

” I am not a Virginian, but an American”

36
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

Samuel Adams- founded the sons of liberty

Sons of liberty- a secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists

37
Q

John Hancock

A

A well known protest leader

38
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Called for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain

39
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

1176, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, The purpose was to explain why the colonies chose to form a new nation

40
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

The war for independence

41
Q

Loyalists

A

Colonists still loyal to Great Britain

42
Q

Patriots

A

Fought on their own land

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

Lexington- minutemen fired “the shot heard around the world”

Concord- …..

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

Turning point of the war

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing, or shelter for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

Last major battle of the American Revolution

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero of the battle of Saratoga

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

Hessions?

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Drilled the troops at Valley forge

51
Q

Francis Marion

A

Swamp Fox

Helped patriots defend the south

52
Q

guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Ended the American revolution

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio river and East of the Mississippi River

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The first constitution

Each state had one vote in congress

Unsuccessful because the government in provided was not strong enough to handle all of the problems in the country

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

An uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the governments taxes

Revealed the need for a stronger government

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for congress used to this day

One part was based on population, and one part was based on equality

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, it is the supreme law of the land, 1776

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1st 10 amendments to the constitution

Created to limit the power of the government and to protect the rights of individuals

61
Q

1

st Amendment

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, press, and petition the government

62
Q

2

nd Amendment

A

Right to bear arms and for states to be able to maintain a militia

63
Q

4

th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

64
Q

5

th Amendment

A

Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law

65
Q

6

th Amendment

A

You have the right to a speedy, public, trial by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Legislative- makes the laws

Executive- carries out laws

Judicial- interprets laws and declares laws or presidential acts unconstitutional

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Washingtons secretary of treasury

Attempts to strengthen the nations economy

69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien acts- allowed president to deport aliens

Sedition acts- a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government

70
Q

John Sevier

A

…….

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

……..

72
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

The landmark court case that established judicial review

73
Q

Judicial review

A

Court can nullify actions of other branches

74
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

Supreme Court case over states rights

8th History (16 decks)

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