Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
Law is a bill that gets passed, and an amendment is a change to the constitution
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, freedom of religion,
Freedom of press and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Against unreasonable searches and seizures
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming the Bill of rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
Powers of a natural government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President-George Washington
Vice President-John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State Department-handle relations with other nations
Treasury Department-deal with financial problems
War Department-deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, secretary of treasury, secretary of war, and the president
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Secretary of State-Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of Treasury-Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act if 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Over term them
Who was John Jay?
The first Chief Executive
What is a national debt?
Amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal government take care of it
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The south
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
They would move the capitol to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell in the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
A tax on a imported good
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He wanted there to be new voices heard
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Rule by wealthy, loose interpretation of the constitution, favored a strong federal government
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks, state governments, rule by the people, strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He believed they divided people
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
Protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Aliens had to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
It was a crime to speak false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st
