Final 150 Part 2 Flashcards
Election of 1800
John Adams vs Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson wins
Decided by the House of Representatives
Dealt with the 12th amendment
Louisiana Purchase
France sell the territory for $15 million
Double the size of the USA
Happen in 1803 (during Thomas Jefferson 3rd)
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Followed the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean
Inspired people to go west
Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake
Impressment-the act of forcing Americans to serve in the British Navy
Attack on the Chesapeake is when the British commander attacked the US ship Chesapeake to search for dissenters and causes the Embargo Act that caught off trade with the own world which hurt the US economy.Happen during James Madison 4th president
War Hawks from the War of 1812
Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun
War of 1812
DC burned, Fort McHenry(The British attacked), Battle of New Orleans(January 8, 1815 after the treaty had been signed and ,add Andrew Johnson a household name)
The Star Spangled Banner
Wrote by Francis Scott Key after the Fort McHenry bombardment(inspired)
Monroe Doctrine
The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization and any interference in the Western Hemisphere the US would regard it as a threat to security
Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration
When a famine happened in Ireland many Irish immigrants came to the US and increased the amount of immigrants
Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention
The Seneca Falls Convention
Over women’s suffrage
Industrial Revolution
The change from agrarian society to one based on industries
Capitalism
Money used for the investment
Free Enterprise System
People are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish
Supply and Demand
Sets prices and how much something is made
Number One Crop in the South in the 1800’s
Cotton
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important
Invented in 1793 and it pulled the seeds out of the cotton and allowed textiles to be made faster
Urban vs Rural
Urban=City Rural=Country
Wilderness Road
1775, was the route to Kentucky from the Atlantic Coast
Daniel Boone
One of the men the blazed the trail that became the Wilderness Road. This made him a long hunter, an American wilderness explorer for at least 6 months at a time
Cumberland Gap
In the mountains allowed for a path to be created that made passing through the Appalachian Mountains easier
The Corrupt Bargain
When Henry Clay meets with Adams and agrees to use his influence to help Adams get the vote in the House of Representatives and John Quincy Adams wins election of 1824 and the Democratic-Republican party splits up
Andrew Jackson
Spoils system-the practice of replacing gov’t employees with the winning candidate’s supporters
~He tried to kill the banks by withdrawing all federal funds from the national bank and placing them in smaller state banks
Indian Removal Act
Act passed by congress in order to relocate Native Americans to modern day Oklahoma
Trail of Tears
Relocation and movement of Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma. Lead by General Winfield Scott and an Army of 7,000 federal troops came to remove the Cherokee from their homes
Sequoyah
Know for creating the written Cherokee language
William Henry Harrison’s Presidency
Gave inauguration speech that lasted over 2 hours
Died from Pneumonia shortly after
Shortest presidency -32 days
Manifest Destiny
The belief that the US was destined by God to extend its boundaries to the Pacific Ocean
Texas Rebellion
The Battle of the Alamo and Battle of San Jacinto. Texas declared independence on March 2 1836 and Lone Star Republic is formed after Santa Anna surrenders at San Jacinto
The Alamo – battle significance
The defenders of the Alamo bought the Texans some much needed time
Davy Crockett
Backwoods man from Tennessee who volunteer fight at the Alamo
Oregon Trail
Was used by settlers migrating to the Pacific Northwest
James K Polk – President that fulfilled what?
Manifest Destiny
Mexican War – Border dispute, Mexican Cession
- Started on April 24, 1846 Mexican troops attacked Zachary Taylor and his troop in the disputed border, which was the cause of the Mexican American War
- Texas border Rio Grande River/Mexico border Nueces River
- Mexican Cession- ceded California and New Mexico and in return the US gave them $15 million
John Sutter and the California Gold Rush
1st to discover a gold nugget on his property / doubled world supply of gold and Levi Strauss sold Jeans
Brigham Young
Led a migration to the Great Salt Lake area of Utah
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
Helped preserve the balance between the North and South made Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state
John Brown
Violent Abolitionist that believed God had chosen him to end slavery
Harriet Tubman
Most famous conductor for the Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad
A network of escape routes out of the South for enslaved people
Frederick Douglass
Most well known A-A abolitionist
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Novel that dealt with the issue of slavery
Fugitive Slave Act
Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves in 1850. Anyone who aided a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned and caused more anger in the North
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Increased the amount of territory open to slaveholding on the US and let the people to desire for themselves about an issue is called popular sovereignty
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas became the first territory to shed blood in a civil war over slavery
Sumner-Brooks Incident
Senator Charles Summer lashed out against those for slavery including Andrew P Butler
Raid on Harper’s Ferry
John Brown led 18 men on a raid to attack a weapon storage facility. Wanted to start a rebellion against slaveholders by arming slaves but were quickly defeated. Brown was executed of treason and his death became a rallying point for abolitionists
Dred Scott v Sandford
Dred Scott a slave vs his owner. The Dred Scott case divided the nation even more
Lincoln-Douglass debates – House Divided Speech
Main topic was slavery, a senate race in Illinois that became the center of national attention. Douglas won but Lincoln gained a positive national reputation that would eventually lead him to the White House “A house divided against itself cannot stand”
Election of 1860
Lincoln won and became 16th, North outvoted the South, he promised not to disturb slavery where it already existed
Causes of the Civil War
North:Reunite the country South:preserve their way of life
Fort Sumter
Confederate guns opened fire on Fort Sumter on April 12 1861. Marked the beginning of the Civil War
Ulysses S. Grant
Commander of the USA
Robert E. Lee
Main commander of CSA
Stonewall Jackson
Consider one of the most gifted tactical commanders in US History
First Battle of Bull Run
The Confederates let out a loud and strange scream,a Rebel yell, that terrified the Northern soldiers and caused them to drop the weapons and retreat. The Confederates were too disorganized and weakened and retreat
Anaconda Plan
Union War plan to defeat the South by dividing them in two
54th Massachusetts
The most well known A-A regiment in the Civil War
The Battle of Gettysburg
Union forces are greatly outnumber and are forced to retreat after two days Lee plans an attack that he hoped would create a panic and destroy the army was lead by General George Pickett and is remembered as Pickett’s charge
The Battle of Vicksburg
Turning point of the war
Sherman’s March to the Sea
General William Tecumseh Sherman led the western army toward Atlanta and after burning Atlanta Sherman’s army March to the sea towards Savannah Georgia
Lee Surrendering to Grant
On April 9,1865 Lee and his troop surrendered to Grant in a small Virginia village called Appomattox Court House and the terms of surrender were very forgiving on the Southern troops
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery in 1865
14th Amendment
Gave full citizenship to anyone born in the US, including A-A’s in 1866
15th Amendment
Gave A-A men the right to vote in 1870
Lincoln Assassination – theater name, murderer, place of death
April 4 1865, Ford’s Theater, John Wilkes Booth, Peterson House
10 Percent Plan and Radical Republican Plans for Reconstruction
10% -Only 10% of state voters pledged loyalty to the Union(Forgiving on the South)
Radical-opposed Lincoln’s plan and wanted a harsher readmission process
Freedman’s Bureau
An agency that helped A-A make the transition to freedom
Segregation
Separation of the races
Jim Crow Laws
Laws that required A-A’s and Whites to be separated in almost every public place, and was upheld in Plessy v. Ferguson as long as it was separate and equal
Ku Klux Klan
Was the largest anti-African American terrorist organization in the South
