Chapter 9 Study Guide Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
The Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 Amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
Gets proposed by 2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
Gets ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Freedom of Assembly Freedom of Press Freedom to petition the gov't
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
The right to own firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
6th Amendment the right to a fast and speedy trail
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Without due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th Amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevent the gov’t firm claiming the Bill of Rights(BoR) are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
1st President is George Washington
1st VP is John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State Department: Handle Relations w/ other nations
Treasury Department: Deals w/ Financial matter
War Department: Deal w/ nation defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State
Secretary of Treasury
Secretary of War
Attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Secretary of State: Thomas Jeffeson
Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system
Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Federal court could over rule the state law
Who was John Jay?
1st Cheif Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the gov’t owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Wanted the federal gov’t take can of the state debts from the war.
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The South was against it because they owned less than Northern states and they would have to pay more than their fair share.
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
Because the US capital being moved to the South. Washington,DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Because he said that a national bank fell within the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
A tax on important goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal gov’t
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He didn’t want the president to become a king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
- Favored a strong Federal Government
- Ruled by wealthy
- Loose interpretation of the Constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
- State Banks
- State Gov’t
- Ruled by the people
- Strict interpretation of the Constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He though that it divided people and kept gov’t from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ Affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Requires aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed President to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
It made it a crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the gov’t
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st Amendment
