Final 150 Part 1 Flashcards
Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?
Because there was stuff their they wanted
Virginia Company
Joint stock company
Jamestown
English men and boys arrived in North America to settle their
John Smith
Leader of Jamestown settlement
Pocahontas
Pocahontas was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown
John Rolfe
He brought tobacco to the colony of Virginia
Tobacco
After john Rolfe brought it to Virginia many places began buy selling growing and trading it
Bacon’s Rebellion
Bacon’s Rebellion was the first rebellion in the American colonies.
Plymouth Colony
It is most famous for introducing Thanksgiving and, more important, introducing self government into America through the Mayflower Compact
Pilgrims
They were people that founded thanksgiving
Mayflower
The Mayflower was an English ship that famously transported the Pilgrims
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony
William Bradford
William Bradford was an English separatist and then emigrated to the Plymouth Colony on the Mayflower
Squanto and Samoset
Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe
Samoset was an Abenaki sagamore and the first American Indian to make contact with the Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony.
Puritans
a member of a group of English Protestants
Massachusetts Bay Colony
an English settlement on the east coast of North America
John Winthrop
English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams spoke their minds
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft
William Penn
William Penn was the son of Sir William Penn, and was an English real estate entrepreneur
Quakers
Quakers are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements formally known as the Religious Society of Friends or Friends Church
Pacifists
a person who believes that war and violence are unjustifiable.
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer Colony
He and a group of charitable investors asked King George for permission to create a utopian experiment
First Great Awakening
revitalization of religious piety that swept through the American colonies
Triangular Trade
used to refer to the trade in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that involved shipping goods from Britain to West Africa to be exchanged for slaves
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Join or die cartoon is political
John Peter Zenger Trial
The trial of John Peter Zenger, a New York printer, was an important step toward this most precious freedom for American colonists
Cause of French and Indian War
The conflict was a part of the Seven Years’ War among the European great powers including Britain and France
Proclamation of 1763
prohibited American colonists from settling west of Appalachia
The Sugar Act
was the first tax on the American colonies imposed by the British Parliament
The Stamp Act
The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used.
The Boston Massacre
it united the colonists against Britain, which would eventually lead to the Revolutionary War
The Boston Tea Party
The British were furious with the actions of the colonists and needed to impose a punishmen
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Designed to punish the colonist
Patrick Henry
quickly became notable for his inflammatory rhetoric against the Stamp Act of 1765
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
The Sons of Liberty was an organization that was created in the Thirteen American Colonies and Samuel Adams was the founder
John Hancock
one of Boston’s leaders during the crisis that led to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Getting independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies.
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
1776, Thomas Jefferson,
To announce and explain separation from Great Britain
Cause of American Revolutionary War
The British government decided to make the American colonies pay a large share of the war debt from the French and Indian War
Loyalists
Were called Tories. They opposed the Revolution and many took up arms against the revels
Patriots
Patriots were members of the 13 British colonies who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Started the American Revolutionary War
Battle of Saratoga
marked a turning point in the Revolutionary War
Winter at Valley Forge
a great trial for the American army, and of the 11,000 soldiers stationed here
Battle of Yorktown
Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington
Benedict Arnold
An American hero who switched to fight for the British
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
Marquis de La Fayette
French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War
Friedrich von Steuben
Prussian military officer
Francis Marion
was a military officer who served in the ARW Acting with the Continental Army and South Carolina militia commissions
guerrilla warfare
fought by irregulars in fast-moving, small-scale actions against orthodox military
Treaty of Paris 1783
signed by U.S. and British Representatives on September 3, 1783
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory
Articles of Confederation
agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution.
Shays’ Rebellion
led to the writing of the new Constitution
The Great Compromise
saved the Constitutional Convention
The 3/5 Compromise
outlined the process for states to count slaves as part of the population
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, 1787, to establish a federal government
Bill of Rights
To. Are up the first 10 amendments
1
st Amendment
The First Amendment to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion
2nd amendment
Right to bear arms
4
th Amendment
protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
5
th Amendment
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger
6
th Amendment
establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative-congress and makes the laws
Executive-carries out and inforces laws
Judicial-supreme court and interpret the laws
Whiskey Rebellion
was a tax protest in the United States
Alexander Hamilton
led the Treasury Department as a trusted member of President Washington’s first Cabinet
Alien and Sedition Acts
series of four laws passed by the U.S. Congress in 1798 amid widespread fear that war with France was imminent
John Sevier
frontiersman and politician, and one of the founding fathers of the State of Tennessee
Natchez Trace
Network of trails
Marbury v Madison
Landmark court case that established judicial review
Judicial review
review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act
McCulloch v Maryland
Court case over states rights
