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8th History > Final 150 > Flashcards

Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Virginia Company

A

Joint joint stock company that gained charter to establish Jamestown

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2
Q

Jamestown

A

Swamp
Infested with misquotes
Lack of farmland
River

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3
Q

John Smith

A

Governor for 12 years
Forced settlers to work and explore
Built a strong relationship with chief Powhatan to get corn

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4
Q

Pocahontas

A

Daughter of Powhatan
Married John Rolfe
Saved Johns life and brought some peace to the British/Native American relations after marrying Rolfe

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5
Q

John Rolfe

A

Learned how to grow tobacco and sold the first crop in 1614

Married Pocahontas

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6
Q

Tobacco

A

Saved Jamestown because there wasn’t any gold or silver

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7
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Nathaniel Bacon led a group to Jamestown and was gonna set it on fire, but he got sick and passed away

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8
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Colony of the pilgrims

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9
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom
Made with the VA company that they could settle in the Hudson River in exchange for a share of many profits made
Came to America on the Mayflower on Sept 1620

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10
Q

Mayflower

A

Document provided the laws and helped develop govts in America

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11
Q

William Bradford

A

Led the pilgrims for over 30 years
Responsible for designating the thanksgiving holiday in American culture
Most famous for writing “Plymouth Plantation” story of the pilgrims

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12
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Native Americans that befriended some pilgrims and showed them how to grow corn, beans, and squash. + hunt and fish
Wampanoag tribe

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13
Q

Puritans

A 
Protestants who wanted to reform 
Were strict 
Believed in a form of theocracy 
Formed the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Little tolerance for any other religious beliefs
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14
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Based on the Bible

Formed by puritans

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15
Q

John Winthrop

A

Puritans governor

Led many to live in Boston (modern day)

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16
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Taken to trail over disagreeing with puritans and were kicked out of mass.
Formed Rgode island

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17
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

Series of hearings and prosecutions of ppl accused of witchcraft where many were falsely accused were killed

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18
Q

William Penn

A

founded PA
Quaker that wrote their constitution
(Everyone is equal in gods sight)

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19
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant of other ppl view
Didn’t have churches bc they believed in a direct experience with god
Refused to fight in wars or use force

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20
Q

Pacifists

A

Ppl who refused to fight in wars of use force

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21
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Oglethorpe, the first governor of GA, founded GA and set it up as a buffer state between the strong English colonies and Spanish attacks and where English debtors and the lowers class could get a fresh start

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22
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival that swept through the colonies

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23
Q

Triangular Trade

A

System in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies

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24
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Poor Richards almanac was written by Benjamin Franklin, a collect of witty sayings such as “ A penny saved is a penny earned”
Albany plan of union called for one general govt for the 13 colonies. Designed the help defend the colonies against the French.
“Join or die” was the first political cartoon in America by Franklin

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25
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

John Peter Zenger accused the governor of New York of corruption in the NY Weekly Journal and was thrown in jail.
Zenger was not found guilty and this helped lead us to freedom of press

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26
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

Wanted Ohio River Valley bc they wanted to control the fur trade

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27
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Halted Western Expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian mountain to appease the NAs

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28
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowering taxes on molasses to try to get ppl to stop smuggling

29
Q

The stamp act

A

Placed a tax on almost every printed material

30
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A fight that broke out between GB and towns ppl that left 5 ppl dead

31
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

A group of colonists threw tea off a sip while disguised as Indians

32
Q

The intolerable/coercive acts

A

Harsh laws that were passed to punish MA citizens

33
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Made a famous quote “ give me liberty or give me death”

34
Q

Samuel Adams and the sins of liberty

A

Group of ppl who didn’t like gb and Samuel was there leader

35
Q

John Hancock

A

First to sign Declaration of Independence

36
Q

Thomas Paines common sense

A

.

37
Q

D of I - year, location, author, significance

A

1176, PA, Thomas Jefferson, gave ppl rights

38
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

GB kept imprisoning colonists

39
Q

Loyalists

A

Loyal to GB

40
Q

Patriots

A

Rebels that fought GB

41
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

First battles of the American Revolution

42
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

Turning point of the war

43
Q

Winter at valley forge

A

A time of terrible suffering fort he colonies without decent food or clothing

44
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

Battle that Cornwallis surrenders at

45
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

The hero of Saratoga

46
Q

Lead commander of the patriots troops in the war

A

Washington

47
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Fresh military officer in the American Revolution

48
Q

Friedrich Von Steuben

A

Drilled the troops at valley forge

49
Q

Francis Marion

A

Swamp fox

Father of guerilla warfare

50
Q

Guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run tactic

51
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Officially ended the war

52
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Added new states to the union

53
Q

Articles of confederation

A

A government that wasn’t strong enough and couldn’t raise taxes

54
Q

Shays rebellion

A

Uprising by MA farmers to fight the governments taxes on poor farmers

55
Q

The great Compromise

A

Established the model for congress used to this day

56
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

Slaves that voted only counted 3/5

57
Q

The US Constitution- father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, 1788, for a national government

58
Q

Bill of rights

A

First ten amendments of the Constitution

59
Q

1st amendment

A

Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

60
Q

2nd amendment

A

Citizens have the right to own firearms

61
Q

4th amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

62
Q

5th

A

Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law

63
Q

6th amendment

A

You have the rights to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

64
Q

Three branches of govt and their purpose

A

Legislative- makes the laws
Judicial- judges laws
Executive- confirms

65
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal govt

66
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

first secretary of the treasury

wrote 51 of 85 essays under the collective title The Federalist (later known as The Federalist Papers)

67
Q

Alien and sedition acts

A

Naturalization Act- allowed president to imprison and deport non citizens (aliens)

68
Q

John Sevier

A

First governor of Tennessee

69
Q

Judicial review

A

review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.

8th History (14 decks)

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