Final Flashcards
1
Q
This is an adverse effect of cardiac catheterization via the groin
A
Hematoma or occlusion in the femoral artery
2
Q
This ECG wave that shows the depolarization of the ventricles
A
QRS interval
3
Q
This is used to diagnose valve disorders and cardiomyopathy
A
ECG (ultrasound of heart)
4
Q
This is a respiratory disorder that requires a patient to be in a negative pressure room
A
TB (airborne)
5
Q
ARDS or acute respiratory distress syndrome can lead to the need for this
A
Intubation or mechanical ventilation
6
Q
At patient with sepsis develops tachypnea which is an early indicator of the development of
A
ARDS or acute respiratory distress syndrome
7
Q
This test is used to diagnose the type and extent of the heart failure
A
ECG
8
Q
This test shows the presence of clots in the atrium
A
TEE (Transesohageal Echocardiogram)
9
Q
This disorder is treated with the use of nitroglycerin, dopamine, bobutamine, dobutamine and Milrinonr which decrease reload, decrease after load and increase contractility
A
Acute exacerbation of heart failure
10
Q
alterations in electrolyte levels can cause these cardiac conditions
A
Dysrhythmias
11
Q
This is a test that monitor acid base balance
A
ABG
12
Q
The area of the heart that is damaged when there is a complete occlusion of the left anterior descending artery
A
Anterior wall
13
Q
This is when there is a loss of atrial kick, and it causes hypotension and decreased cardiac output
A
A fib
14
Q
These symptoms are clinical manifestation of what disorder, dizziness, difficulty, talking and sudden or difficulty talking sudden weakness on one side of the
A
Carotid artery disease
15
Q
After this procedure, a patient must maintain bed rest in a flat position
A
Cardiac catheterization
(To prevent hematoma)
16
Q
This is the lab value that is a protein that measures the overstretching of the ventricles
A
BNP ,
Brain Natriuretic peptide
17
Q
Risk for Rupture increases with hypertension in a size larger than 6 cm
A
Abdominal aortic aneurysm or AAA
18
Q
A pacer wire is placed in the right and left ventricle monitors for heart dysrhythmias, and will deliver a shock if needed
A
Biventricular implantable cardioverter
19
Q
This valve is most affected in valvular disease
A
Aortic Valve
20
Q
These symptoms are clinical manifestations of what disorder swelling in extremities and jugular vein distention
A
Right sided HF
21
Q
The risk factors for this disorder include male, gender obesity, and type two diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, ages between 40-65, cranial facial abnormalities, menopause, Afib, nocturnal dysrhythmias, pulmonary htn
A
Sleep apnea
22
Q
Priority, nursing diagnosis for left sided heart failure
A
Impaired oxygenation
23
Q
This is an abnormal enlargement of the right side of the heart as a result of a disease of the lungs, are the pulmonary blood vessels
A
Cor pulmonale
24
Q
The risk factors for this disorder include alcohol and tobacco use, and Gerd
A
Laryngeal cancer 
25
A patient with this genetic disorder would have elevated sodium and chloride levels in their sweat, but not in serum or blood levels 
Cystic fibrosis 
26
This is a disorder of the respiratory, G.I. and reproductive system
Cystic fibrosis
27
Symptoms of this disorder include tachypnea dyspnea in the use of accessory muscles
Pulmonary embolism 
28
This medication is used to dilate the airways
Bronchodilators
29
A patient with emphysema will have this clinical manifestation due to the use of accessory muscles
Barrel chest
30
Your patient has swelling from the side to the knee. What do you suspect is wrong with the patient?
Femoral vein, thrombosis
31
A patient with heart failure is decompensating, which assessment finding requires immediate intervention
Dyspnea at rest 
32
And unconscious patient with Gerd is at risk for
Aspiration
33
The patient with Gerd should avoid doing this at night
Eating two hours before bed and sleeping flat
34
The nurse is caring for a patient with Gerd should do an assessment on which body systemS
Abdomen and lungs
35
Highest risk factor for having Gerd
Obesity, smoking pregnancy
36
These medication is neutralize stomach acid, an hour fast acting
AntAcids Maalox and Tums.
37
This type of cancer presents as red velvety patches on the Buffalo mucosa
Oral cancer Or erythroplasia
38
Two common risk factors for oral cancer
smoking /tobacco use
HPV virus
39
This test requires a bowel prep and is used to screen for colorectal cancer
Colonoscopy
Bowel prep must be completed or the test must be rescheduled
40
Alcoholism is a higher risk factor for this type of cancer
Gastric cancer
41
This clinical manifestation requires immediate intervention by the nurse in a patient with gastric cancer who is postop
Diaphoresis
many reasons like hypovolemia from hemorrhage or dumping syndrome which can lead to hypoglycemia
42
Post liver biopsy these three things should be done by the nurse
Position the patient on the right side
Lay the bed flat
Check for bleeding
Prior to the test coagulation studies should’ve been completed
43
This is the first sign that there is a problem with the liver
Jaundice
Can mean hepatitis to blocked bile Duct to primary or metastatic site of cancer
44
The patient with ascites requires what dietary restriction
Low sodium
A patient with advanced liver disease requires Low protein due to the buildup of ammonia
45
The patient with advanced liver disease needs this medication to rid the body of ammonia
Lactulose
46
Post liver biopsy The nurse needs to intervene immediately if any of these are suspected
Signs of hypovolemic shock
The liver plays a large role in clotting factors and liver failure means risk of bleeding
47
This symptom requires immediate intervention with a hernia, because it can indicate obstruction or strangulation
Abdominal distention
48
When there are no bowel, sounds this requires what type of assessment to be completed
Focused assessment
49
This is an abnormal finding after the Roux En Y gastric bypass surgery and requires us to notify the provider immediately
Emesis around the NG tube
This suggests it is clogged and we do not manipulate or remove the tube due to the stress on the gastric sutures
50
These medications are used for first line treatment of H. pylori
Penicillin metronidazole, bismuth, sub salicylate and PPIs
patients with a penicillin allergy can use alternative like clarithromycin but PCn is the preferred drug 
51
Colon cancer is more common if a patient suffers from this chronic gastrointestinal disorder
Ulcerative colitis
52
These meds decrease the rate of gastric acid secretion
What are PPIs?
Nexium Prilosec Prevacid and protonix
53
This medication promotes motility and increases the rate of gastric emptying and can also be used as an antiemetic
Reglan or metoclopramide
Short term use only due to the side effects like Tardive dyskinesia
54
This medication can be used to treat the pain and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids
Benzocaine
55
This medication is used to treat IBS with diarrhea
Loperamide or Imodium
56
This medication is used to treat chronic hepatitis B, and even HIV and as post exposure prophylaxis for hepatitis B
Tenofovir
57
This hepatitis is spread through fecal, oral contamination
Hepatitis A
58
A nurse, who sustains needlestick injury, is most at risk for this type of hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Best prevention is to get vaccinated
59
Hepatitis can lead to these liver complications
Cirrhosis (irreversible scarring.)
Liver cancer
Liver failure which can lead to hepatic encephalopathy
60
This disorder can cause sweet fecal, smell to the breath, called fetor hepaticus
Hepatic encephalopathy
61
Cystic fibrosis patients are at risk for this G.I. complication
Chronic pancreatitis due to tubes, becoming blocked with thick mucus, causing the pancreas to become inflamed
62
This G.I. Disorder has a genetic component, and has very similar symptoms to lactose intolerance
Celiac’s disease
63
This female disorder is treated with a minimum of nine consecutive months of oral contraceptives
Endometriosis
64
These things should be avoided when taking oral contraceptives
Smoking ( DVT) using St. John’s wort and antibiotics (lessens effectiveness)
65
This is the treatment for Candida alibicans
Nystatin
66
A nurse document to patient’s heart rate is 120 bpm the term for this finding is
Tachycardia
67
The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman with syphilis who has a penicillin allergy. The treatment for her would include this.
Penicillin desensitization
Penicillin is the most effective, and the alternative treatments can be dangerous to use during pregnancy 
68
The nurse is caring for a 68-year-old male who complains of decreasing force an intermittent urine stream during urination you suspect he has this disorder
Benign prostate hyperplasia 
69
This class of medications relax the smooth muscle in the prostate
Alpha adrenergic blocking agents
Tamulosin and Flomax
70
A male patient has a history of angina and is taking Cialis so it is important for the nurse notify him of this interaction between cialis and this drug
Nitroglycerin
71
These medications relax the bladder muscles
anticholinergics
Oxybutynin
72
A male patient with a history of mumps is at increased risk for this type of cancer
Breast cancer they are also at risk first for sterility
73
A male patient comes in to a clinic complaining of burning and itching in the groin area as swollen lymph nodes in the groin with a fever, the nurse suspects, which STI
Genital herpes
74
The nurse is caring for a male patient that presents to the clinic with complaints of dysuria and both rectal and urethral discharge.The nurses suspects this STI
Chlamydia
75
A female patient is seen in the clinical for a rash that has reddish brown spots on the palms of her hands and soles of the feet with wart like sores in the genital area. The nurse suspects this STI
Syphilis
76
A prodromal signs of herpes is
Headache
77
This is recommended to decrease the discomfort associated with genital herpes
cleanse the area 2-3 times a day with soap and warm water
78
A female patient is at higher risk of breast cancer if which relatives have a history of breast or ovarian cancer
Sister or mother?they should be tested for genetic factors if the family members are young when they had their cancer
79
The nurse assesses a patient w a less than 2 cm lump in her breast and no lymph node involvement
Stage 1 breast cancer
80
Gardasil 9 is a vaccine given to prevent HPV which is a known risk factor for
What is cervical cancer? This works best if given prior to a patient becoming sexually active
81
When a female patient is undergoing radiation for breast cancer teaching must be done regarding this
What is good skin care? They are at risk for radiation burns and other skin complications
82
This cancer drug is used to treat estrogen receptor positive adenocarcinoma of the breast
Tamoxifen
83
A female patient comes to the clinic with a BMI of 42 and complaints of pelvic pain and bloating.the nurse suspects
Ovarian Cancer
84
A male patient is expressing concern over having this procedure done to remove his prostate gland bc he is worried about this
Erectile disfunction
85
Over 80% of the male population will end up with this cancer
Prostate cancer
86
The treatment for a STI must include education regarding this factor to be effective
What is the treatment of all sexual partners at the same time and take the entire course of treatment
87
A nurse of stains, a needle stick injury in the ER and they draw a hep B titer. if the nurse has immunity the hepatitis B the titer will show this
Anti-HBs
88
The nurse assesses here to see if a patient with dark skin has jaundice
Sclera of the eyes
89
The nurse is going to use an NG tube for feedings. These are some important considerations.
Check placement
Keep head of bed up 30°
Hold feeds for large amount of residual
Check lungs for wheezing
Flush q4h with 30 ML‘s of water to keep the tube patent 
90
The nurse is assessing a patient with a transverse colonoscopy when applying the new appliance it is important for the nurse to do this
Cut the appliance, opening a small as possible to fit around the stoma
This will help prevent store from sitting on and breaking down the surrounding skin
91
Signs of a bowel obstruction
Vomiting, undigested, food, or fecal matter
92
This is a sign of a bowel perforation post endoscopy
High fever
We have a bowel, perforation, empty and waste into the abdominal cavity = peritonitis= sepsis
93
When a patient comes in with unintended weight loss, the nurse must do a thorough assessment. These must be done to check nutritional status.
Albumin, and pre-albumin
There can be many causes such as depression, cancer, ill fitting, dentures mouth pain, swallowing issues thrush, cannot afford food
94
Signs and symptoms of this disorder include ptosis, diplopia dysphasia
Myasthenia gravis
95
What does disorder you see the progress deterioration of the lower extremity and sensory function
Guillian barre
96
Signs and symptoms of this disorder, dizziness, double vision, numbness, weakness, unsteady gate
Multiple sclerosis
97
This disorder has exacerbations or new symptoms that last a few days then disappear
Relapsing, remitting, multiple sclerosis
98
This disorder is diagnosed definitively with an MRI, showing demylenating changes in two separate locations
Multiple sclerosis 
99
Signs and symptoms of this disorder that causes enter cranial pressure include ataxia, papilledema, vomiting, headache, decreased level of consciousness, personality changes, hemiphoresis, abnormal reflexes, and cranial nerve palsies
Brain tumor
100
The signs and symptoms effect which area of the brain, auditory perception, long-term memory sensation and receptive speech center (wernickes)
Left temporal lobe
101
The signs and symptoms affect which area of the brain expressive speech difficulty
Frontal lobe
102
The signs and symptoms of fact which area of the brain changes in eye movement
Midbrain
103
A patient is having increased intercranial pressure related to encephalitis, so what treatment is required
Antivirals
104
This is one of the highest risk factors for a hemorrhagic stroke
Hypertension
105
This is one of the highest risk factors for embolytic stroke
Carotid plaque
106
This is a treatment that can be use for an ischemic stroke
TPA
107
TPA is contraindicated in what patient population
Elderly over 80 years old
Diabetics
Patients using anticoagulants
patients who have had hemorrhagic stroke
108
Post stroke. These patients need some of the following medication is based on the cause of the stroke
Anticoagulants for a fib
Antihypertensives for hypertension
Antiplatelets to prevent blood clots from forming
Lipid lowering agents to prevent carotid plaque buildup
109
New on side of back pain, radiating down the left leg could be a symptom of
Spinal cord tumor
110
A patient who has a cervical spinal cord injury, needs to be watched for this
Respiratory distress
Monitor respiratory pattern in airway
111
A patient with a spinal cord injury is at risk for this disorder, when they have symptoms of hypertension and bradycardia
Autonomic dereflexia
Treatment is raise head of bed greater than 45°
112
This disorder is due to nerve root compression and causes low back pain, weakness, numbness in the affected extremity in ability control motor movement in the affected area
Radiculopathy
113
Signs and symptoms of this disorder include photophobia, nuchal rigidity,
Neck pain , fever, headache, change in mental status, chills, N &V
Meningitis
Treatment is long-term antibiotics and a cool blanket to help decrease 02 demand in the brain
114
This is a disorder one vitamin B 12 is not being absorbed
Pernicious, anemia
115
This is a type of anemia caused by bone marrow produce in an adequate cells
Aplastic anemia
116
This anemia requires a diet high in red meat, green leafy vegetables, and citrus
Iron deficiency anemia
117
A sign and symptom of this deficiency is confusion
Folic acid deficiency
118
Signs and symptoms of this disorder are elevated temperature decrease O2 stat and pain
Sickle cell crisis
119
Risk factors for this disorder include severe, cold temperatures, high altitude, fever, dehydration
Sickle cell crisis
120
Treatment for this disorder includes 02 via nasal cannula 2 to 3 L and fluid resuscitation
Sickle cell crisis
121
Renal failure, diagnosis with anemia is due to the loss of this hormone
Erythropoietin
122
A patient who is just suffered a TBI has clear drainage from his nose and ears. What do we expect has occurred?
Skull fracture or cerebral spinal fluid leak
it is important to collect this fluid on Gosford testing and this is a life-threatening emergency that can lead to meningitis
Basilar skull fracture has bruising around the ears
123
A tonic clonic seizure last more than five minutes what is our priority?
Call 911 because they are going to need an airway
One of the ordered medication’s for seizure activity as Ativan
124
Signs and symptoms of this disorder include Bradykinesia impaired voluntary motor control, and slow. Movement shuffled gait dragon of one or both feet while walking
Parkinson’s disease
One medication used is carbidopa/levodopa aka sinemet
125
The signs and symptoms of this disorder include word, recall issues, and not knowing they have been incontinent of bowel
Alzheimer’s
126
It is recommended that you have this test done when you’re sleep deprived
EEG
This test is measuring the electrical activity in the brain and sleep deprivation, which can cause a seizure activity, which is helpful during testing
127
Treatment of this disorder includes placing the head and neck in a neutral position, and elevating the head of bed higher than 60°
Intercranial pressure
Place in the head and neck in a neutral position, and elevating the head of bed more than 60° helps facilitate Venus drainage from the head and decreases pressure on the internal jugular vein
128
A positive result from this test indicates upper motor neuron lesion, which damages the corticospinal tract of the spinal cord
Positive Babinski response
Often from chronic alcohol or substance abuse, MS or TBI
129
With this disorder, patients will eventually lose all motor control
ALS
They can eventually have difficulty swallowing, and if choking her coughing excessively during meals, we need to check for aspiration by auscultating lungs
130
Hematuria is a sign of this cancer
Bladder cancer
131
Paresthesia of the fingertips and cardiac dysrhythmias are signs and symptoms of
Tumor lysis syndrome
132
We must restrict visitors who have been sick when someone has this disorder
Leukemia with neutropenia caused by chemotherapy
Reverse precautions are used to protect the patient who is severely immuno compromised, and we may need to have no flowers in a diet with no fresh fruits or vegetables
133
One way to reduce your risk of cancer
Wear sunscreen, or quit smoking
134
We do chemotherapy prior to surgery to
Shrink the size of the tumor
135
Males are at increased risk for these types of cancer
Colorectal
Melanoma of the skin
Prostate
Bladder
136
Debulking a brain tumor consists of the use of this type of medication
Steroids
Patient on steroids are at risk for hyperglycemia. They are immuno compromise, and we never stop steroids Suddenly they are always tapered
137
These tumors stay in one area and have a slower growth rate
Benign tumors
138
These tumors can grow back grow uncontrollably and invade surrounding tissue and vessels
Malignant tumors
They destroy normal tissue, steal nutrition, create their own blood vessels, and survive anoxic or acidotic conditions
139
The risk factors for this cancer, excessive alcohol, use obesity, high-fat, diet, chronic bell disease, history of polyps
Colon cancer
140
The patient who has a history of this is at increased risk for bladder, esophageal gastric cervical had neck and long and pancreatic cancer
Cigarette smoking
141
Buy limiting alcohol consumption, and secondhand smoke exposure and wearing sunscreen. You can decrease your risk for
Cancer
142
This makes you at a higher risk for cervical nasal and oral head and neck and pharyngeal cancer
HPV
143
Gardasil nine should be given prior to sexual activity and is used to prevent this
HPV
144
This can lead to superior vena cava syndrome, so we have to monitor the patient for shortness of breath
Malignant lymphoma
145
The patient with this type of leukemia is at risk for bleeding
AML
Due to low levels of platelets
146
A patient reports seen a blue shadow before having a seizure this is called
Aura
This can be visual, auditory, or olfactory
147
The patient has just had an olfactory aura so we should implement what seizure precautions
Lower the patient to the ground
Remove sharp objects
Protect their head
Record the time it starts and ends, and what was occurring during the seizure,
place them on their side to prevent aspiration
148
What is the most common type of headache and adults?
Tension headache
149
What type of shock occurs after a spinal cord injury
Neurogenic, also known as distributive shock
150
What type of shock occurs from large blood loss
Hypovolemic shock
151
What type of shock occurs with an infected central line catheter
Septic shock
152
What type of shock occurs when there is ischemia related to decrease coronary perfusion
cardiogenic shock
153
What type of shock occurs when a patient is allergic to shellfish and has contrast dye
Anaphylactic shock
154
This medication is used for the treatment of neurogenic shock
Atropine
155
A patient is having a Tensilon test for suspected myasthenia gravis. It is vital to have this medication available as an antidote.
Atropine sulfate
156
Signs and symptoms of neurogenic shock
Warm dry skin
Flushed appearance
Decreased cardiac output
Decrease, systemic, vascular resistance
157
Early signs of hypovolemic shock
Restlessness or confusion
Decreased urine output
Pale cool, clammy skin
Weak pulses
Delayed capillary refill
158
Late signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock
Lethargy
Hypotension
Metabolic and respiratory acidosis
Anuria
Cold cyanotic skin with weak or absent pulses
Dysrhythmias 
159
Signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock
Chest pain
Metabolic acidosis
Diaphoresis
Nausea and vomiting
Decreased cardiac output,
Hypotension
Decreased level of consciousness
Decrease urine output
Weak pulses
Cool skin
Hypoactive bowel sounds 
160
Early signs of sepsis
Tachycardia,
bounding pulses
fever
161
Late stage symptoms of septicemia
Cool pale skin
Weak thready pulses
Tachycardia
Hypotension
162
What is Collens sign?
Blue tint around umbilicus
163
What is gray Turner sign?
Flank bruising
If on left side could be pancreatitis
164
What is McBurney’s point?
A sign for appendicitis
Rebound tenderness when pressure is taken away in LOWER R QUADRANT
165
What is rovsings?
Oh, when you press down on the left lower quadrant and pain appears in the right lower quadrant
