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MEDI 90 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

Cardi/o

A

heart

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3
Q

Cyt/o

A

cell

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4
Q

Cutane/o

A

skin

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5
Q

Caus/o

A

burning/ burn

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6
Q

Cephal/o

A

head

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7
Q

comat/o

A

deep sleep

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8
Q

Gastr/o

A

stomach

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9
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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10
Q

Oste/o

A

bone

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11
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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12
Q

Hydr/o

A

water

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13
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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14
Q

Path/o

A

disease

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15
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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16
Q

Myel/o

A

bone marrow; spinal cord

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17
Q

-algia

A

pain

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18
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, removal

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19
Q

-cutaneous

A

skin

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20
Q
  • malacia
A

softening

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21
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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22
Q

-tomy

A

incision

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23
Q

-penia

A

decrease; deficiency

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24
Q

-partum

A

birth

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25
Q

-ectasis

A

dilation, expansion

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26
Q

-cele

A

hernia; swelling

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27
Q

-dynia

A

pain

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28
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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29
Q
  • gram
A

record, writing

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30
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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31
Q

-lysis

A

separation; destruction; loosening

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32
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

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33
Q

-stomy

A

forming an opening (mouth)

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34
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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35
Q

-lith

A

stone, calculus

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36
Q

-edema

A

swelling

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37
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

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38
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

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39
Q

Endo-

A

in, within

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40
Q

Hyper-

A

excessive; above normal

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41
Q

Sub-

A

under, below

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42
Q

Cryo-

A

cold

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43
Q

Hypo-

A

under, below; deficient

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44
Q

Ante-

A

before, in front of

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45
Q

Glyco-

A

sugar, sweetness

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46
Q

Costo-

A

ribs

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47
Q

Anti-

A

against

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48
Q

Dys-

A

bad; painful; difficult

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49
Q

Tachy-

A

rapid

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50
Q

A-/An-

A

without; not

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51
Q

Lateral

A

away from middle
A lateral orientation is a position away from the midline of the body. For instance, the arms are lateral to the chest, and the ears are lateral to the head. A medial orientation is a position toward the midline of the body.

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52
Q

Medial

A

Medial means toward the middle or center. It is the opposite of lateral. The term is used to describe general positions of body parts. For example, the chest is medial to the arm.

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53
Q

Prone

A

face down

Prone position is a body position in which the person lies flat with the chest down and the back up

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54
Q

Supine

A

face up

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55
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

  • liver
  • stomach
  • gallbladder
  • duodenum (first part of small intestine)
  • right kidney
  • pancreas
  • left adrenal gland
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56
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

  • liver
  • stomach
  • pancreas
  • left kidney
  • spleen
  • left adrenal gland
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57
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

  • appendix
  • reproductive organs
  • right ureter (right ovary and fallopin tube)
  • part of colon
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58
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

  • left ureter
  • reproductive organs (left ovary and fallopian tube)
  • rectum
  • part of colon
  • small intestine (ileum)
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59
Q

profuse sweating

A

sudor/esis

diaphoresis

Hyperhidrosis

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60
Q

Without oxygen

A

anoxia

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61
Q

Debridement

A

To remove dead, contaminated, or adherent tissue and/or foreign material.

62
Q

Slow heartbeat

A

Bradycardia

63
Q

Metastasis

A

the development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer.

64
Q

Allograft

A

homograft

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person;

65
Q

autograft

A

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

66
Q

xenograft

A

Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft
A xenograft is used as a temporary graft to protect the patient against infection and fluid loss.

67
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Collection of air in the pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of a lung
Pneumothorax can occur with pulmonary disease (emphysema, lung CA, or TB) when pulmonary lesions rupture near the pleural surface, allowing communication between an alveolus or bronchus and the pleural cavity. It may also be the result of an open chest wound or a perforation of the chest wall that permits the entrance of air.

68
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of lung tissue, preventing respiratory exchange of O2 and CO2
Atelectasis can be caused by obstruction of foreign bodies, excessive secretions, or pressure on the lung from a tumor. In fetal atelectasis, the lungs fail to expand normally at birth.

69
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Abnormal presence of fluid in the pleural cavity
The fluid may contain blood (hemothorax), serum (hydrothorax), or pus (pyothorax). Treatment includes a surgical puncture of the chest using a hollow-bore needle (thoracentesis, thoracocentesis) to remove excess fluid.

condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.

70
Q

Emphysema

A

chronic disease characterized by overexpansion and destruction of the alveoli
(any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
2.
the bony socket for the root of a tooth.)

71
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

A condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs.
Pulmonary edema is usually caused by a heart condition. Other causes include pneumonia, exposure to certain toxins and drugs, and being at high elevations.

72
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

A condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot.
Most times, a pulmonary embolism is caused by blood clots that travel from the legs or, rarely, other parts of the body (deep vein thrombosis).

73
Q

Largest blood vessel

A

aorta

74
Q

Sections of vertebrae

A

cervical vertebrae -7, bones that form the skeletal framework of the neck.

thoracic vertebrae - 12 ,support the chest and serve as a point of articulation (joining together to allow motion between parts) for the ribs.

lumar vertebrae - 5, These are situated in the lower back and carry most of the weight of the torso.

sacrum - triangular bone below lumbar

coccyx - tailbone

75
Q

Chambers of the heart

A

The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the body

76
Q

Types of aneurysms

A

abdominal - the large blood vessel that carries blood away from your heart and through your body.

thoracic -develop in the portion of the aorta that passes through the chest.

cerebral - brain, A weakness in a blood vessel in the brain that balloons and fills with blood.

77
Q

Functions of the body systems

A

Reproductive- Reproduction
Nervous/Sensory-Communication between and coordination of all the body systems
Integumentary -skinn Protects against damage
Muscular/Skeletal-Provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body

78
Q

Kyphosis

A

abnormal condition of a hunchback

79
Q

Laminectomy

A

spine surgery, removes lamina, the back part of a vertebra that covers your spinal canal.

80
Q

Lordosis

A

Forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture
Lordosis may be caused by increased weight in the abdomen, such as during pregnancy.

81
Q

Bursa

A

A bursa is a tiny, slippery sac of fluid that provides a cushion and reduces friction between the surfaces of a bone and soft tissue.

82
Q

Syncope

A

temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure

83
Q

Purpose of insulin

A

The major purpose of insulin is to regulate the body’s energy supply by balancing micronutrient levels during the fed state

84
Q

Antibiotics

A

medications that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria

85
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Commonly referred to as steroids, corticosteroids are a type of anti-inflammatory drug. They are typically used to treat rheumatologic diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus or vasculitis

86
Q

Bronchodilator

A

Bronchodilators are a type of medication that make breathing easier by relaxing the muscles in the lungs and widening the airways (bronchi)

87
Q

Thrombolytics

A

Thrombolytics, sometimes referred to as “clot busters”, are medications used as an emergency treatment for strokes and heart attacks.

88
Q

Epinephrine

A

Epinephrine injection is used for emergency treatment of severe allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis)

89
Q

Radiology

A

a branch of medicine that uses imaging technology to diagnose and treat disease.

90
Q

Rheumatology

A

the study of rheumatism, arthritis, and other disorders of the joints, muscles, and ligaments.

91
Q

Opthalmology

A

branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.

92
Q

Orthopedic

A

branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system.

93
Q

Endocrinology

A

Endocrinology is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones.

94
Q

Multiple Myeloma

A

A cancer of plasma cells.

95
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

heart attack

96
Q

Angina

A

a condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often also spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart.

97
Q

Types of fractures

A

ugh

98
Q

Scoliosis

A

A sideways curvature of the spine.

99
Q

Alzheimer Disease

A

Chronic, organic mental disorder that is a progressive form of presenile dementia caused by atrophy of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain; also called cerebral degeneration

100
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Progressive degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscle symptoms

101
Q

TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack)

A

A brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.

102
Q

Croup

A

An upper airway infection that blocks breathing and has a distinctive barking cough.
Croup generally occurs in children.

103
Q

Graves’ Disease

A

An immune system disorder of the butterfly-shaped gland in the throat (thyroid).
The thyroid overproduces hormones. The condition is more common in women under age 40.

104
Q

Cushing’s Disease

A

A condition that occurs from exposure to high cortisol levels for a long time.
The most common cause is the use of steroid drugs, but it can also occur from overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands.

105
Q

Diabetes Mellitus

A

A group of diseases that result in too much sugar in the blood (high blood glucose)

106
Q

Glaucoma

A

Condition in which aqueous humor fails to drain properly and accumulates in the anterior chamber of the eye, causing elevated intraocular pressure
leads to blindness

107
Q

ELISA

A

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (test to detect anti-HIV antibodies)

108
Q

Troponin

A

Blood test that measures protein released into the blood by damaged heart muscle (not skeletal muscle)

109
Q

Holter Monitor

A

Device worn by a patient that records prolonged electrocardiograph readings (usually 24 hours) on a portable tape recorder while the patient conducts normal daily activities

110
Q

Defibrillator

A

Device designed to administer a defibrillating electric shock to restore normal SA

Defibrillation is a treatment for life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias

111
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

employs magnetic energy (without ionizing x-rays) to produce cross-sectional images.

112
Q

ECG

A

HEART ELECTRODES

a record of the electrical impulses of the heart.

113
Q

EEG

A

BRAIN ELECTRODES

Diagnostic procedure in which electrodes on the scalp record patterns of electrical activity within the brain

114
Q

ESR

A

An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a type of blood test that measures how quickly erythrocytes (red blood cells) settle at the bottom of a test tube that contains a blood sample.

115
Q

Clavicle

A

collar bone

116
Q

Patella

A

kneecap

117
Q

Femur

A

thigh bone

118
Q

Sternum

A

breastbone

119
Q

Scapula

A

shoulder blade

120
Q

Coccyx

A

tailbone

121
Q

Sacrum

A

the triangular bone just below the lumbar vertebrae.

122
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

most superficial and largest muscle in the front portion of the neck

123
Q

pectoralis

A

any of the muscles that connect the front walls of the chest with the bones of the upper arm and shoulder

124
Q

biceps

A

a muscle on the front part of the upper arm.

125
Q

brachioradialis

A

a superficial forearm muscle located in the lateral forearm.

126
Q

external oblique

A

one of the outermost abdominal muscles,

127
Q

rectus abdominis

A

the abs muscle, is a long muscle of the anterior abdominal wall.

128
Q

rectus femoris

A

one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body.

129
Q

sartorius

A

thin, long, superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of the thigh

130
Q

quadricepts

A

large fleshy muscle group covering the front and sides of the thigh.

131
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

is a feather-like muscle of the anterior (extensor) compartment of leg.

132
Q

tibialis

A

It acts to dorsiflex and invert the foot. This muscle is mostly located near the shin.

133
Q

maxilla

A

the bone that forms your upper jaw

134
Q

mandible

A

the largest bone in the human skull. It holds the lower teeth in place,

135
Q

Ribs

A

ribcage

136
Q

humerus

A

upper arm bone

137
Q

radius

A

lower arm bone on thumb side

138
Q

Ulna

A

lower arm bone pinky side

139
Q

pelvis

A

basin-shaped structure that supports the spinal column and protects the abdominal organs.

140
Q

tibia

A

shin bone

large bone of the lower leg

141
Q

fibula

A

smaller bone of the lower leg

142
Q

ciliary body

A

is a circular structure that is an extension of the iris, produces fluid

143
Q

cornea

A

your eye’s clear, protective outer layer.

144
Q

iris

A

The colored part of the eye which helps regulate the amount of light entering the eye.

145
Q

lens

A

a nearly transparent biconvex structure suspended behind the iris of the eye, the sole function of which is to focus light rays onto the retina.

146
Q

aqueous

A

a thin, watery fluid located in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.

147
Q

sclera

A

the white outer coating of the eye.

148
Q

vitreous body

A

clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball in humans and other vertebrates

149
Q

retina

A

a layer of tissue in the back of your eye that senses light and sends images to your brain

150
Q

choroid

A

A thin layer of tissue that is part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye, between the sclera (white outer layer of the eye) and the retina

151
Q

optic nerve

A

a bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers that carry visual messages. You have one connecting the back of each eye (your retina) to your brain.

152
Q

optic disc

A

The circular area in the back of the inside of the eye where the optic nerve connects to the retina.

MEDI 90 (4 decks)

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