filtration and crystalisation

Question 1

describe the practical on to how separate a mixture through filtration

Answer 1

1. the mixture is poured into the funnel
2. insoluble solids remain in the filter paper
3. solutions and liquids go through the flask
   leaving us with the filtrate

Question 2

describe how to separate a mixture through crystallisation

Answer 2

1. the solution is heated to concentrate the solution
2. crystals may start to form
3. its then left in a warm place for the remaining water to evaporate
4. crystals form

Question 3

describe how to separate a mixture through paper chromatography

Answer 3

1. Draw a pencil like near the bottom of the paper.
2. add spots of colourings to the line
3. put the paper into a chromatography tank with a solvent at the bottom and below the line
4. the soluble dyes are carried up the chromatography paper. Different dyes travel upwards at different rates

Question 4

what is filtration used for?

Answer 4

to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 5

what does a state symbol look like and what does it tell us?

Answer 5

(s) (l) (g) (as)

tells us the state of a chemical whether it is a solid, liquid, gas or dissolved in water

Question 6

what do these state symbols tell us about these chemicals
silver chloride = AgCl(s)
water=H2O(l)

Answer 6

tells us that
silver chloride is a solid
water is a liquid

Question 7

what can we see at the end of a chromatography experiment

Answer 7

the soluble dyes are carried up the chromatography paper. different dyes travel upwards at different rates

Question 8

to turn an aqueous solution into a solid, what is the best method of separation?

Answer 8

crystallisation

Question 9

why might leaving the water to evaporate during crystallisation be better than hearing the solution?

Answer 9

heating can affect the chemical we are trying to crystallise

certain chemicals would weigh down if we heat them