File 3

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

The study of the distribution of sounds in language and interactions between those different sounds

Question 2

Phonotactic constraints

Answer 2

Restrictions on possible combinations of sounds

Question 3

Allophone

Answer 3

One set of nonconstructive realizations of the same phoneme

Question 4

Phoneme

Answer 4

A class of speech sounds identified by native speakers as the same sound.

Question 5

Noncontrastive

Answer 5

A term used to describe two sounds that are not used to differentiate words in language.

Question 6

Contrastive

Answer 6

A term used to describe two sounds that can be used to differentiate words in language

Question 7

Minimal pair

Answer 7

Two words that differ only by single sound in the same position and that have different meanings

Question 8

Alternation

Answer 8

In phonology, a difference between two or more phonetic forms that one might expect to be related. In morphology, the morphological process that uses morpheme-internal modification to make new words or morphological distinctions.

Question 9

Complementary distribution

Answer 9

The occurrence of sounds in a language such that they are never found in the same phonetic environment

Question 10

Free variation

Answer 10

Term used to refer to two sounds that occur in overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words

Question 11

Overlapping distribution

Answer 11

The occurrence of sounds in the same phonetic environments

Question 12

Conditioning environment

Answer 12

Neighboring sounds of a given sound that cause it to undergo change

Question 13

Underlying form

Answer 13

The phonemic form of a word or morpheme before phonological rules applied

Question 14

Phonological rules

Answer 14

The description of a relationship between a phoneme and its allophomes and the conditioning environment in which the allophome appears

Question 15

Obstruents

Answer 15

A natural class of sound produced with an obstruction of the airflow in the oral activity while the nasal cavity is closed off

Question 16

Sonorants

Answer 16

Sounds (usually voiced) produced with relatively open passage of air flow

Question 17

Assimilation

Answer 17

A process by which a sound becomes more like a nearby sound in terms of some feature.

Question 18

Patalization

Answer 18

A process wherein a sound takes on a palatal place of articulation, usually in assimilation to high or mid from vowels like (I) ir (E)

Question 19

Vowel Harmony

Answer 19

Long-distance assimilation between vowels

Question 20

Dissimilation

Answer 20

Process by which two nearby sounds becomes less alike with respect to some feature

Question 21

Insertion

Answer 21

Phonological process by which a segment not present in phonemic form is added in a phonetic form

Question 22

Deletion

Answer 22

In phonology, a process by which a sound present in the phonemic form (=underlying) is removed from the phonetic form in certain environments

Question 23

Metathesis

Answer 23

Switching of the order of two sounds, each taking the place of other

Question 24

Aspiration

Answer 24

A puff of air that follows the release of a consonant when there is a delay in the onset of voicing

Question 25

Flapping

Answer 25

A sound produced by bringing two articulations together very quickly