File 12-Connectors

Question 1

por otra parte

además

Answer 1

moreover
(addition)
/mɔːˈrəʊvə/

He didn’t have his shoes on; moreover, he wasn’t wearing a shirt.

Question 2

lo que es más
y encima
además
más aún

Answer 2

what’s more
(addition)
/wɒts mɔː/

He’s ugly and what’s more, he’s not very nice.

Question 3

y
y también
e

Answer 3

and
(addition)
/ˈænd/

I bought beer and wine.

Question 4

es más
además
(formal)

Answer 4

furthermore
(addition)
/ˌf3ːðəˈmɔː/

Furthermore, it is legal to do this.

Question 5

también
(before a verb or adjective)

además
también
(at the beginning of sentence with comma, it’s different because it connects two sentences)

Answer 5

also
(addition)
/ˈɔːlsəʊ/

(before a verb or adjective)
If you write to me I will also write to you.
He was thin, and he was also tall.

(at the beginning of sentence with comma, it’s different because it connects two sentences)
Dad’s agreed to let us use his car for the day. Also, he’s going to give us some spending money!

Question 6

también

at the end of the sentence

Answer 6

too
(addition)
/ˈtuː/

(at the end of the sentence)
I like ice cream, and cake, too.

Question 7

también

at the end of the sentence

Answer 7

as well
(addition)
/æz wɛl/

(at the end of the sentence)
I like ice cream, and cake as well.

Question 8

además de

Answer 8

as well as
(addition)
/æz wɛl æz/

The expression“as well as” can be used in the middle of the sentence, and is similar to “and” or “not only…, but also”:
She bought the necklace. She bought the earrings.
She bought the necklaceandthe earrings.
She bought the necklaceas well asthe earrings.
She boughtnot onlythe necklace,but alsothe earrings.

Question 9

mientras
y
pero

Answer 9

while
(contrast)
/ˈwaɪl/

Even though we do the same job, he makes $50,000 per year while I only make $40,000.

Question 10

mientras que

Answer 10

whereas
(contrast)
/weərˈæz/

He likes broccoli, whereas she hates it.

Question 11

pero

Answer 11

but
(contrast)
/ˈbʌt/

I may be old, but I can still ride a bike.

Question 12

por otro lado

por el otro lado

Answer 12

on the other hand
(contrast)
/ɒn ði ˈʌðə hænd/

It would be quicker to fly to Manchester; on the other hand, it would be more expensive than the train.

Question 13

por eso

Answer 13

that’s why
(result)
/ðæts waɪ/

It’s a very popular restaurant; that’s why you need to book a table in advance.

Question 14

por esta razón
por este motivo
por eso
por esto

Answer 14

for this reason,
(result)
/fɔː ðɪs ˈriːzn/

For this reason, I regretfully resign my post as Minister of Economy.

Question 15

porque
ya que
puesto que
pues

Answer 15

because
(result, cause and effect)
/bɪˈkəz/

I was late because I forgot to set my alarm clock.

Question 16

así que

por lo que

Answer 16

so
(result, cause and effect)
/ˈsəʊ/

I’m hungry, so I’m going to get something to eat.

Question 17

por lo tanto
por eso
luego
así

Answer 17

therefore
(result, cause and effect)
/ˈðɛərfɔː/

I think, therefore I am.

Question 18

como resultado

como consecuencia

Answer 18

as a result
(result)
/æz ə rɪˈzʌlt/

The little girl kept jumping in puddles, and as a result her new shoes were ruined.

Question 19

y entonces, y por eso
así que
consiguientemente
por consiguiente

Answer 19

consequently
(result, cause and effect)
/ˈkɒnsɪkwɛntli/

He wanted it; consequently, he bought it.

Question 20

excepto

Answer 20

except for
(exception, not including)
/ɪkˈsɛpt fɔː/

Everybody except you will be going on the trip. Everyone here’s blonde except for Jane, who’s brunette.
The movie was a bit long, but except for that it was worth seeing.

Question 21

a parte de

Answer 21

apart from
(exception, not including)
/əˈpɑːt frɒm/

Apart from me, none of my classmates delivered the composition on time.
The movie was a bit long, but apart from that it was worth seeing.

Question 22

además

Answer 22

in addition
(addition)
/ɪn/ /əˈdɪʃən/

I have the qualifications you require and, in addition, several years’ experience.

Question 23

además

amén

Answer 23

besides
(addition)
/bɪˈsaɪdz/

It’s a nice day for a walk, and besides, I need the exercise.

Question 24

además
aún más
así mismo

Answer 24

additionally
(addition)
/əˈdɪʃənəli/

Additionally, it would reduce your workload significantly.

Question 25

por esto

debido a esto

Answer 25

because of this
(result, cause and effect)
/bɪˈkɒz ɒv ðɪs/

Question 26

sin embargo

Answer 26

however
(contrast)
/haʊˈɛvə/

Question 27

sin embargo

aún así

Answer 27

nevertheless
(contrast)
/ˌnɛvəðəˈlɛs/

Question 28

aunque

a pesar de

Answer 28

although
(contrast)
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/

Question 29

aunque

a pesar de que

Answer 29

even though
(contrast)
/ˈiːvən ðəʊ/

Question 30

pese a ello

a pesar de eso

Answer 30

despite this
(contrast)
/dɪsˈpaɪt ðɪs/

Question 31

a pesar de

pese a

Answer 31

in spite of
(contrast)
/ɪn spaɪt ɒv/

Question 32

al contrario

por el contrario

Answer 32

on the contrary
(contrast)
/ɒn ðə ˈkɒntrəri/