Figures of Speech

Question 1

A(n) ___ is a metaphor extended beyond a simple word or phrase and maintained throughout a whole clause or passage.

Answer 1

Allegory

Question 2

A(n) ___ is the repetition of a word, generally at the beginning, within successive clauses.

“tu mihi, quodcumque hoc regni, tu sceptra Iovemque concilias, tu das epulis accumbere divum, nimborumque facis tempestatumque potentem.”

Answer 2

Anaphora

Question 3

___ is placing a preposition after its object.

“Namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum”

Answer 3

Anastrophe

Question 4

A(n) ___ is an abrupt failure to complete a sentence.

“Quos ego…!”

Answer 4

Aposiopesis

Question 5

A(n) ___ is to talk to someone or something which is not there.

“O ter quaterque beati…”

Answer 5

Apostrophe

Question 6

___ is the omission of conjunctions in a series.

“Navem in conspectu nullam, tres litore cervos prospicit errantis.”

Answer 6

Asyndeton

Question 7

___ is ABBA word order.

“spem … simulat, premet … dolorem”

Answer 7

Chiasmus

Question 8

A(n) ___ is a detailed description of a natural scene or a work of artistry.

Answer 8

Ecphrasis

Question 9

A(n) ___ is any omission of words easily understood from the context.

“Haec secum (dixit) … “

Answer 9

Ellipsis

Question 10

A(n) ___ is when closely related words are split between one line and the next.

“quamquam animus meminisse horret luctuque refugit, incipiam.”

Answer 10

Enjambment

Question 11

A(n) ___ is the expression of a complex idea by joining two nouns with a conjunction, where one would expect a noun-adjective phrase.

“molemque at montes … “
“mass and mountains” i.e. massive mountains

“cavernas uterumque”
“the hollows and the belly” i.e. the hollow belly

Answer 11

Hendiadys

Question 12

A(n) ___ is a generic term for any violation in the normal arrangement of words, but generally used to describe the wide separation of two words which belong together logically, such as a noun and its adjective.

” … et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas”
“… and he would know how to give loose reigns, having been commanded.”

Answer 12

Hyperbaton

Question 13

A(n) ___ is a rhetorical exaggeration.

Answer 13

Hyperbole

Question 14

___ is reversing the natural, sequential order of words or phrases.

“Moriamur, et in media arma ruamus”
“Let us die, and let us rush into arms.”

Answer 14

Hysteron Proteron

Question 15

___ is expressing one thing by denying its opposite, often effecting an understatement.

“non simili poena”
“By a dissimilar penalty” i.e. by a harsher one

“haud aliter”
“Not otherwise” i.e. in exactly the same way

Answer 15

Litotes

Question 16

___ is the substitution of one word for another because of some external connection or dependence between them.

“Cererem corruptam undis”
“Ceres, ruined by the waves” i.e. soggy bread

Answer 16

Metonymy

Question 17

___ is the ornamental or emphatic use of redundancy or periphrasis, or saying many words that could be said in few.

“multa quoque et bello passus”
“having suffered many things also even in war”

Answer 17

Pleonasm

Question 18

___ is the repetition of the same word in various inflectional forms.

“solus ego in Pallanta feror, soli mihi Pallas debetur”
“I alone am offered to Pallas, to me alone Pallas is owed”

Answer 18

Polyptoton

Question 19

A(n) ___ is the use of more conjunctions than necessary.

“Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque”

Answer 19

Polysyndeton

Question 20

___ is emphasis achieved by feigned omission, i.e., by noting that it will not or need not be mentioned.

“… quid bella Tyro surgentia dicam germanique minas?”
“Why should I mention the wars arising from Tyre, and the threats of your brother?”

Answer 20

Praeteritio

Question 21

___ is putting on the mask of another, i.e., speaking as another person, usually a dead one, to teach a moral lesson.

Answer 21

Prosopopoeia

Question 22

___ is interlocking word order, i.e., ABAB structure.

“saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram”
“on account of fierce Juno’s mindful wrath”

Answer 22

Synchysis

Question 23

A(n) ___ is a change of terms, arising from the internal nature of a subject: the whole for a part, a part for the whole, etc.

“ipsius ante oculos ingens a vertice pontus in puppim ferit …”
“Before the eyes of the man himself (i.e. Aeneas), the massive sea (i.e. a huge wave) from high above strikes the deck.”

Answer 23

Synecdoche

Question 24

___ is the separation of the parts of a compound word.

“et multo nebulae circum dea fundit amictu.”
“And the goddess surrounded (them) with a robe of mist.”

Answer 24

Tmesis

Question 25

A(n) ___ is when a term which properly describes one person is attributed to another person or thing with which it is connected.

“conveniunt, quibus aut odium crudele tyranni aut metus acer erat.”
“They came together, those for whom there was cruel hatred or bitter fear of the tyrant.”

Answer 25

Transferred Epithet

Question 26

A(n) ___ is a series of three connected phrases or clauses, often increasing in length, and often accompanied by anaphora or asyndeton.

“(1) nec te noster amor (2) nec to data dextera quondam (3) nec moritura tenet crudeli funere Dido?”

Answer 26

Tricolon Crescenda

Question 27

A(n) ___ is the use of one verb with two objects in two distinct senses.

“inclusos utero Danaos et pinea furtim laxat claustra Sinon …”
“Sinon secretly released the enclosed Greeks and loosened the pine bolts.”

Answer 27

Zeugma