Fighting Disease

Question 1

Antibiotic

Answer 1

A substance that fight bacteria

Question 2

Antibody

Answer 2

A protein found in the blood-produced in response to foreign substances invading the body. Protect the body from disease by binding to these organisms and destroying them.

Question 3

Antigen

Answer 3

Foreign substances in the body that are capable of causing an illness

Question 4

Antitoxin

Answer 4

Antibodies capable of destroying toxins generated by microorganisms including viruses and bacteria.

Question 5

Antiviral

Answer 5

Literally “against-virus” – any medicine capable of destroying or weakening a virus.

Question 6

Bacteria

Answer 6

Tiny one-celled organisms present throughout the environment that require a microscope to be seen. While not all bacteria are harmful, some cause disease.

Question 7

Bone Marrow

Answer 7

Soft tissue located within bones that produce all blood cells, including the ones that fight infection.

Question 8

Vaccination

Answer 8

Injection of a killed or weakened infectious organism in order to prevent the disease.

Question 9

MMR Vaccine

Answer 9

Measles, mumps and rubella

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

A tiny organism that multiplies within cells and causes disease such as chickenpox, measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis and hepatitis. Viruses are not affected by antibiotics, the drugs used to kill bacteria.

Question 11

Pros & Cons of Vaccination

Answer 11

PROS:
►Vaccines have helped control lots of communicable diseases that were common.
►Smallpox no longer occurs, and polio has fallen by 99%
►Big outbreaks can be prevented if a large population is vaccinated.- even those who are not vaccinated, are not likely to catch the disease as fewer people have it.
CONS:
►The disease can spread quickly
►They don’t always work
►Sometimes have a bad reaction

Question 12

Communicable Disease

Answer 12

That which can be transmitted from one person or animal to another. Also known as infectious.

Question 13

Immunisation

Answer 13

The process by which a person or animal becomes protected against a disease. This term is often used interchangeably with vaccination or inoculation.

Question 14

Immunity

Answer 14

Protection against a disease. There are two types of immunity, passive and active. Immunity is indicated by the presence of antibodies in the blood and can usually be determined with a laboratory test. See active and passive immunity.

Question 15

Pathogens

Answer 15

Organisms (e.g. bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi) that cause disease in human beings.