Fibromyalgia (FM) Flashcards
What is Fibromyalgia (FM) ?
It is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness and stiffness of muscles and connective tissue structures (tender points)
Wide spread pain for at least 3 months in the axial skeleton, left right side of body. Above and below the waist.
Accompanied by fatigue, headaches, sleep disturbances
Complex syndrome involving many different factors
It is characterized by sensitization of the CNS which explains the wide variation in symptoms
Central nervous system sensitization
Epidemiology of FM?
Prevalence ranges from 2-6%
More prevalent in women, 3:1
Prevalence increases with age
Typically develops between age 25 and 55
Often have other comordities
67% musculoskeletal disorders
Headaches
Risk Factorsof FM?
The exact etiology is unknown, but several risk factors are associated with FM
- heredity
- stressful or traumatic events
- bodily injury
- infection
- disease e.g. autoimmune disorders
Signs and symptomsof FM?
- LBP
- Headaches
- Muscle spasms
- Arthrisits
- Anxiety
- Jaw pain
- Chronic fatigue
- Numbness
- Rashes
Clinical presentation of FM?
morning stiffness
- tingling or numbness in the hands and feet
- headaches, migraines
- thinking and memory abnormalities
- painful menstrual periods
- fatigue
- trouble sleeping
- Jaw pain
- abnormal muscle pain and malaise after exercise
- dizziness
- skin and chemical senstitivities
- deep, aching, throbbing, shooting, radiating, stabbing pain
- depression
Diagnosis of FM?
Physical examination
tenderness on pressure (tender points) in at least 11 of 18 specified sites and the presence of widespread pain for diagnosis
Management of FM?
minimize stress
- deep breathing exercises
- do relaxing techniques and massages
- nutrition
- exercise
- sleep
Drugs= amitryptline, pregabalin, gabapentin, tramadol
