Fibroids Flashcards

1
Q

What is a fibroid?

A

Benign tumour of the smooth muscle of the uterus

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2
Q

What are fibroids associated with?

A

Afro-Caribbean ethnicity

Post pubertal-thought to grow in response to oestrogen

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3
Q

What are symptoms of fibroids?

A
Asymptomatic 
Menorrhagia- leading to iron deficient anaemia
Dysmenorrhoea
Urinary symptoms- frequency esp if large
Bloating 
Subfertility
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4
Q

How are fibroids diagnosed?

A

Transvaginal USS

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5
Q

What is the management of fibroids?

A

Asymptomatic- no treatment required

Menorrhagia

  • IUS unless uterine distortion
  • NSAIDs- mefenamic acid
  • Tranexamic acid
  • COCP
  • POP
  • Depot

Treatment to shrink or remove fibroids

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6
Q

What are treatment options to shrink or remove fibroids?

A

Medical

  • GNRH antagonists
  • reduce size of fibroids- short term management and often regrow after stopping treatment
  • good to have pre-operatively
  • does not aid in subfertility management

Surgical

  • Myomectomy= 1st line to aid fertility return
  • hysteroscopy with endometrial ablation
  • hysterectomy

Uterine artery embolisation

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7
Q

What are some of the complications of fibroids?

A

Subfertility
Iron deficient anaemia
Red degeneration
-occurs especially during pregnancy
-rely on oestrogen to grow
-during pregnancy there is increased oestrogen so they grow and can out-grow their blood supply and degenerate
-patients present with abdo pain, mild fever and vomiting
-conservative management with analgesia and rest
-resolve sin 4-7 days

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