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Breast > Fibroadenomas > Flashcards

Fibroadenomas Flashcards

1
Q

What are fibroadenomas?

A

Solid, non-cancerous breast lumps characterised by a mixture of stromal and epithelial tissue

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2
Q

Who do fibroadenomas most commonly occur in?

A

Women between the age of 15 and 35

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3
Q

What can fibroadenomas appear similar to?

A

Breast cancer

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4
Q

What is the result of fibroadenomas appearing similar to breast cancer?

A

All of them need to be taken seriously and investigated

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5
Q

What are the breats made up of?

A

Lobules (milk producing glands) and ducts (tubes that carry that milk to the nipple), which are surrounded by glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissue.

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6
Q

What part of the breast do fibroadenomas develop from?

A

The lobules

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7
Q

What forms a solid lump in fibroadenomas?

A

The growth of glandular tissue and ducts over the fibroadenoma formed in the lobule

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8
Q

What are the types of fibroadenoma?

A
  • Simple fibroadenoma
  • Complex fibroadenoma
  • Juvenline fibroadenoma
  • Giant fibroadenoma
  • Phyllodes tumour
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9
Q

What is a complex fibroadenoma?

A

A fibroadenoma that contains changes such as hyperplasia, and can grow rapidly

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10
Q

What is a juvenline fibroadenoma?

A

A fibroadenoma found between the ages of 10-18

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11
Q

How might juvenile fibroadenomas progress?

A

Can grow large, but most shrink over time and some disappear

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12
Q

How big can giant fibroadenomas get?

A

Over 2 inches

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13
Q

Why might giant fibroadenomas need to be removed?

A

Because tehy can press on or replace other breast tissue

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14
Q

Is a Phyllodes tumour malignant or benign?

A

Most are benign, but some can become malignant

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15
Q

What is the result of the potential for Phyllodes tumours to become malignant?

A

Most are recommended for removal

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16
Q

What is the cause of fibroadenomas?

A

The cause of fibroadenomas is unknown, but they may be related to reproductive hormones

17
Q

Why is it theorised that fibroadenomas are related to reproductive hormones?

A
  • Because they occur more often during the reproductive years
  • Can become bigger during pregnancy or with the use of hormone therapy
  • They might shrink after menopause when hormone levels decrease
18
Q

Describe how a fibroadenoma feels?

A

It is a solid breast lump that is usually;

  • Round with distinct, smooth borders
  • Easily moved
  • Firm or rubbery
  • Painless
19
Q

Can a patient have more than one fibroadenoma?

A

Yes, they can have one or many fibroadenomas in one or both breasts

20
Q

What are fibroadenomas often termed?

A

‘Breast mice’

21
Q

Why are fibroadenomas often termed ‘breast mice’?

A

Due to their high mobility in the breast

22
Q

How can fibroadenomas be discovered if they are too small too feel?

A

Imaging tests

23
Q

How are fibroadenomas investigated?

A
  • Diagnostic mammography or breast ultrasound
  • Fine-needle aspiration
  • Core needle biopsy
24
Q

What might mammography show in fibroadenoma?

A

A breast mass with smooth, round edges, distinct from surrounding breast tissue

25
Q

How are fibroadenomas managed?

A

In many cases, fibroadenomas require no treatment

Some women choose surgical removal for their peace of mind

26
Q

When may fibroadenomas not require surgery?

A

When you can be reasonably certain that the breast lump is a fibroadenoma based on the result of a clinical breast exam, imaging, and biopsy

27
Q

Why may patients prefer conservative management over surgery in fibroadenoma?

A
  • Surgery can distort the shape and texture of the breast
  • Fibroadenomas sometimes shrink or disappear on their own
  • The breast has multiple fibroadenomas that appear to be stable (no change in ultrasound compared to an earlier ultrasound)
28
Q

What it is important to do if a patient chooses not to have surgery for fibroadenomas?

A

Monitor the fibroadenoma with follow-up visits to the doctor

29
Q

What happens in follow up visits for fibroadenoma?

A

Breast ultrasounds to detect changes in the appearance or size of the lump

30
Q

What are the surgical options for fibroadenoma?

A
  • Lumpectomy
  • Excisional biopsy
  • Cryoablation
31
Q

What happens in cryoablation?

A

A thin deviced called a cryoprobe is inserted through the skin to the fibroadenoma, and gas is used to freeze and destroy the tissue

Breast (5 decks)

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