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Question 1

1. are there age and sex differences in terms of levels of depression?

Answer 1

2 way between groups of ANOVA

Question 2

ANCOVA

Answer 2

a statistical method of introducing random assignments when it was not possible to do so at the design stage

Question 3

Dependent Variable (DV)

Answer 3

The outcome or variable of interest that you want to compare across different groups.

Question 4

Independent Variable (IV)

Answer 4

The categorical variable that defines the groups being compared.

Question 5

2. differences between groups

Answer 5

2 grps- Pearsons correlation
3+ grps- ANOVA

Question 6

categorical variables

Answer 6

2 types:
nominal variables( e.g. male or female)
ordinal variables(e.g. poor, good, excellent)

Question 7

3. to determine whether there is a relationship between short term memory span and reading ability

Answer 7

conduct correlation biviarate analysis

Question 8

4. to determine if there are differences in short term memory span across three class groups: (1) junior infants (2) senior infants (3) first class

Answer 8

conduct one way between groups ANOVA

Question 9

correlation analysis

Answer 9

nature of relationship that exist between 2 variables

Question 10

regression analysis

Answer 10

a special case of correlation analysis which is used for the purposes of prediction.

Question 11

multiple regression analysis

Answer 11

whether a particular predictor variable is still able to predict an outcome, when the effects of another variable are controlled for/ used to investigate the relationship of multiple predictors with one continuous outcome variable

Question 12

binary logic’s regression

Answer 12

used when the categorical criterion variable has 2 levels eg. smoker vs non smoker

Question 13

multinomial logistic regression

Answer 13

used when the categorical criterion variable has 3 or more levels e.g. mild/ moderate/ severe depression

Question 14

t tests

Answer 14

compare the mean values on some continuous variable for 2 groups or 2 occasions

Question 15

independent t tests

Answer 15

compare the mean scores of 2 different groups

Question 16

paired t tests

Answer 16

compares the mean scores of 2 different groups of people on 2 different occasions or conditions

Question 17

5. is there a significance difference in PTSD scores between males and females?

Answer 17

conduct an independent t test

Question 18

6. is there a statistically significant change in prisoners criminal social identity scores after 2 years in prison sentence in high security prison?

Answer 18

conduct a paired t test

Question 19

ANOVA

Answer 19

tells us the difference between the variances of the groups e.g. comparing fitness levels between amateur, semi professional, professional

Question 20

one way between groups ANOVA in spss- write up

Answer 20

one way between groups ANOVA was conducted to determine if there were differences in levels of… scores/ participants were divided into groups according to…./ there was no significant difference in levels of…..scores for the groups, f (…)=…, p=…./ effect size (eta squared= …)/ post hoc comparisons using turkey HSD test indicated that the mean scores…(m=….,sd=….)

Question 21

correlation bivariate in spss- write up

Answer 21

check sig(2 - tailed) = p value if p<0.05 is means it is statistically significant/ check r-value/ positive or negative direction/ large strength( 0.5-1), small strength(0.10-0.28)

Question 22

one way between groups ANOVA in spss- write up(short)

Answer 22

test of homogeneity of variance- if less than 0.05 f/sig
ANOVA table- also if less than 0.05
effect size- 0.01 small effect/ 0.06 medium effect/ 0.14 large effect