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Infectious diseases > Fever in returning traveller > Flashcards

Fever in returning traveller Flashcards

1
Q

What investigations should be done in all travellers with fever?

A

Malaria and HIV

FBC

Blood cultures

LFTs

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2
Q

What is traveller’s diarrhoea?

A

Traveller’s diarrhoea (TD) is defined as ≥3 unformed stools in 24 hours accompanied by at least 1 of the following:
• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Cramps
• Tenesmus
Bloody stools (dysentery) during a trip abroad, typically to a low- or middle-income country

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3
Q

What Ix for traveler’s diarrhoea?

A 
tool culture and sensitivity 
	• Stool occult blood
	• DRE
	• Multi-pathogen molecular diagnostic PCR
	• Stool ova and parasite
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4
Q

What is enteric fever?

A

Systemic symptoms cause by salmonella typhi and paratyphi

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5
Q

How is enteric fever/typhoid transmitted

A

Faceal oral route, humans only

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6
Q

What are Sx of enteric fever?

A

Diarrhoea or constipation
Abdominal pain
Bradycardia
Rose spots

Headache, fever, arthralgia

Encephalopathy

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7
Q

How is enteric fever diagnosed?

A

Blood and stool cultures

Serology (not great)

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8
Q

What areas are enteric fever common in?

A

Africa, Asia, South amercia and caribbean

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9
Q

How is enteric fever treated?

A

Azithromycin +/- IV ceftriaxone

normally resistance to quinolones

Fluids, antipyretic, nutrition

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10
Q

What are complications of enteric fever?

A

Osteomyelitis, GI bleed, meningitis

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11
Q

What is dengue fever?

A

Viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquito biting during day.

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12
Q

What are Sx of Dengue?

A

Breakbone fever: retro-orbital headache, fever, myalgia, arthralgia, maculopapular rash, cough, facial flushing

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13
Q

What Ix in Dengue?

A

PCR for virus or serology

Bloods: low platelets, low WCC, transaminitis

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14
Q

What is Rx for dengue

A

Supportive; fluids,

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15
Q

What is viral haemorrhagic fever?

A

Complication of dengue/yellow fever, involving increased vascular permeability, low platelets, bleeding

May need transfusion

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16
Q

What are differential diagnoses in traveler with fever?

A 
Malaria
HIV
Dengue
Yellow fever
Enteric Fever
Chikungunya

Infectious diseases (16 decks)

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