Fetilization/ implantation

Question 1

What is the break down of the coagulum called and what causes it

Answer 1

Liquification, proteases in seminal fluid

Question 2

Where does fertilization occur

Answer 2

Ampulla/ isthumus

Question 3

What happens to the remaining sperm

Answer 3

Phagocytosed by leucocytes

Question 4

When do sperm become motile

Answer 4

After ejaculation

Question 5

Describe capacitation

Answer 5

Loss of cholesterl from sperm membrane and inhibitory substances, become hyperactivated, tail movement changes and increased bending of tail and swinging of head

Question 6

Describe the acrosome reaction

Answer 6

First stimulated by progesterone (stimulates Ca2+ release) from cumulus oophorus cells, acrosome membrane fuses with plasma membrane and acrosome membrane breaks down leaking enzymatic contents breaking down cumulus oophorus and corona radiata, Z3 from zona pellucida further stimulate release of acrosomal enzymes and this causes destruction of ZP

Question 7

Layers the sperm has to pass through in cumulus oocyte complex

Answer 7

Cumulus oophorus, corona radiata, Zp, peri vitalliene space, oolema membrane

Question 8

Describe the cortical reaction

Answer 8

When a sperm enters the oolema membrame this triggers intracellular Ca2+ release which causes hardening of the ZP preventing polyspermy, also increase in Ca2+ causes resumption of meiosis in egg.