Fetch-Execute and Memory Flashcards
Assembly, fetch-execute cycle, and memory
Opcode
The thing being done: Add, divide, mov
Operand
The components of the calculation
Assembly is used for
Writing and optimising compilers and languages
Assembly is made up of . . .
Instructions, which form instruction set that gives a list of commands available on a processor
Fetch:
Read the next instruction from memory.
A memory read into the IR register.
Decode:
Makes sense of instruction.
What needs to be done?
Execute:
Arithmetic, store, or make decision..
Refers to decoding and executing the instruction in the IR register
Cons of having a large and/or fast memory storage
Slower since signals travel farther.
Expensive.
Why can data and instructions be cached?
It is reused in a lot of programs.
I/O chipset
An interface between CPU and I/O devices.
Converts signals so the CPU can work with them.
Control are what?
Bits in the Control register that determine the operating parameters of the system.
Ports:
Used to distinguish normal memory locations.
Data rests there until overwritten by new data.
Analogue-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
Converts analogue signals to digital. AKA Microphone
Digital-to-Analogue Converter (DAC)
Writes the analogue output onto the DAC port. AKA speaker
Interrupt System or Interrupt ReQuest (IRQ)
Prioritises task by urgency, enable a better use of system resources.
