fetal neural axis sono findings Flashcards
Absence of cranial vault and brain
Rudimentary brain tissue
Bulging fetal orbits
Anencephaly
Presence of brain tissue without calvarium
Disorganization of brain tissue
prominent sulcal markings
Acrania
Extracranial mass (fluid filled or solid comp) Bony defect in skull Ventriculomegaly
Cephalocele
Splaying of spine in V or U configuration
Protrusion of sac w/ or w/o neural elements
Cleft in skin
Spina bifida
Post fossa cyst
Splaying of cerebellar hemispheres
Enlarged cisterna magna
Ventriculomegaly
DWM
Small BPD and HC
Abnormal HC/AC and HC/FL ratios
Microcephaly
C-shaped vent; enlarged or not
brain tissue with horseshoe shape
fusion of thalamus w/ no 3rd vent
Absence of interhemispheric fissue, corpus callosum, and cavum septum pellucidum
Holoprosencephaly
Absence of cavum septum pellucidum
Elevation and dilation of 3rd vent
Separated lateral vent frontal horns
small frontal horns and dilated occipital horns (colopocephaly)
Agenesis of corpus callosum
Lateral vent enlargement
3rd vent dilation
Flexion and adduction of thumb
Aqueductal stenosis
Cystic space midkine and posterosuperior to 3rd vent
Turbulent flow with doppler
Vein of galen aneurysm
Size ranging from .3 to 2cm Unilateral or bilateral solitary or multiple unilocular or multilocular Enlargement of vent with large cyst
Choroid plexus cyst
Cyst within brain w/o mass effect
communication of cyst with vent or subarachnoid space
Reduced size of affected hemisphere
Porencephaly
Fluid filled cleft in cerebral cortex extending from vent to calvarium
Ventriculomegaly
agenesis of CSP and corpus callosum
Schizencephaly
Almost complete replacement of brain by CSF
absent or partially absent falx
Presence of midbrain, basal ganglia, cerebellum
choroid plexus may be identified
macrocephaly
Polyhydramnios
Hydracephaly
Lateral vent exceeding 10mm
dangling choroid plexus sign
Possible dilation of 3rd and 4th vent
fetal head enlargement
Ventriculomegaly
