Fetal Neck Flashcards
_________ results in an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue.
Cystic hygroma
The most common location of cystic hygroma is within the
neck although it may be found within the axilla
Cystic hygroma should not be confused with:
increased nuchal translucency, or nuchal fold thickening
Sonographic appearance of a cystic hygroma
cystic neck mass divided in the midline by a thick fibrous band tissue
Cystic hygromas have been found in many syndromes and chromosomal abnormalities such :
Turner’s syndrome, fetal hydrops, aneuploidy, trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and trisomy 13
Nuchal thickening, edema, or redundant skin in the back of the neck is a common finding during the second trimester in the fetuses with :
down syndrome
The area posterior to the neck can be measured
starting in the _____ plane at the level of the ______ and angling coronally to include the cerebellum and occipital bone.
axial, CSP
The calipers when measuring nuchal fold/nuchal translucency
Placed from outer edge of the occipital bone to the outer edge of the skin
A measurement of ___ or larger is considered abnormal for a nuchal fold.
6 mm
Nuchal fold measurements are performed ____ in gestation compared to NT measurements
later
Nuchal folds are typically measured anywhere between _______ weeks while the Nuchal translucency measurement can be performed ______
15-21 weeks
11-13 weeks 6 days
______ can be the cause of overtreatment of the maternal grave disease, iodine deficiency, or hypothyroidism
Fetal goiter
Sonographically a fetal goiter will appear as :
anterior fetal neck mass
Fetal neck masses can cause compression of the ____ or _____ and should be noted during a sonographic exam because of complications at birth.
trachea, esophagus
Fetal swallowing may be inhibited by a neck or oral mass, resulting in :
polyhydramnios
