Fetal Heart Anatomy And Pathology Flashcards
What chamber is closest to spine?
Left atrium
What chamber is closest to sternum?
Right ventricle
What are the left and right ventricles separated by?
Interventricular septum
What are the left and right atria separated by?
Atria septum (opens at foramen ovale)
The moderator band is inside which chamber?
right ventricle
What valve does the left atrium open into the left ventricle through?
Mitral valve
What valve does the right atrium open into the right ventricle through?
Tricuspid valve
What does the LVOT show?
Left ventricle to aorta
What does the RVOT show?
Right ventricle to MPA
What does the 3VV show?
PA, aorta, SVC
What are the 3 bypasses?
Ductus venosus - umbilical vein to IVC (bypasses liver)
Foramen ovale - right atrium to left atrium
Ductus arteriosus - MPA to aorta (bypasses lungs)
What is a small or absent left ventricle?
Hypoplastic left heart
What is a small or absent right ventricle?
Hypoplastic right heart
What is an opening or hole in the ventricular septum?
Ventricular septal defects (VSD)
What is the absence of a segment of the atrial septum?
Atrial septal defects (ASD)
What is the lack of development of the central part of the heart?
Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD)
What is it when the tricuspid valve is incorrectly positioned within the right ventricle?
Ebstein anomaly
What is the combination of the Tetralogy of Fallot?
Overriding aorta, VSD, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricle hypertrophy
What are echogenic tumors within the myocardium?
Rhabdomyoma
What are calcifications of papillary muscle or chordae tendonae that are usually seen in the left ventricle?
Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF)
What is it called when the heart is located outside the chest through a defect in the sternum?
Ectopia cordis
What is it called when the great vessels (aorta and MPA) are switched?
Transposition of great vessels
What is the narrowing of the aortic arch?
Coarctation of the aorta
What is fluid located around the heart?
Pericardial effusion
What is the most common fetal cardiac tumor?
Rhabdomyoma
What is the most common cardiac defect?
Ventricular septal defects (VSD)
