Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Fetal Circulation > Flashcards

Fetal Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

When is the fetal heart fully developed?

A

Usually by week 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the 3 fetal shunts

A
  1. Ductus Venosus
  2. Foramen Ovale
  3. Ductus arteriosus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the placement of ductus arteriosus and how it allows for the movement of blood

A

Ductus arteriosus is a shunt between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. It allows for oxygenated blood coming into the left ventricle from the umbilical vein to enter into the ascending aorta bypassing the lungs and into systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the placement of the foramen ovale and how it allows for the movement of blood

A

The foramen ovale is located in the right atrium and allows for oxygenated blood to enter into the left atrium bypassing pulmonary circulation in order to reach systemic circulation faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the placement of ductus venosus and how it allows for movement of blood

A

Allows oxygenated blood to enter from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava and bypass the liver d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the path of blood from the placenta to the right atrium

A

Placenta
Umbilical Vein (shunt to liver)
Ductus venosus
IVC
Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the path of blood as it goes from the right atrium to the left atrium

A

Path 1
1. Right atrium
2. Foramen ovale
3. left atrium
Path 2
1. Right atrium
2. Right ventricle
3. Pulmonary trunk
4. Lungs
5. Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe how blood in the pulmonary trunk can bypass the lungs and return to the umbilical arteries

A
  1. Pulmonary trunk
  2. Ductus arteriosus
  3. Aorta
  4. System circulation
  5. Umbilical arteries
  6. Placenta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the path of blood in the left atrium as it returns to the placenta

A
  1. Left atrium
  2. left ventricle
  3. aorta
  4. systemic circulation
  5. umbilical arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the foramen ovale?

A

Opening of the atrial septum between the right and left atria that shunts oxygen rich blood to the brain and developing body systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the ductus arteriosus?

A

Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the PVR of the fetus and the factors that make it

A

In utero, the PRV is high due to the lungs being filled with fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the factors that aid in the decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance following birth?

A
  1. Increasing PaO2
  2. Pulmonary vasodilation
  3. Prostaglandins
  4. Nitric oxide
  5. removal of lung fluid due to compression during birth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What neonatal difficulties can be present at birth?

A
  1. Lack of respiratory effort
  2. Blockage of airways
  3. Impaired lung function
  4. persistent increased pulmonary vascular resistance
  5. abnormal cardiac structure/function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does the ductus venosus close functionally?

A

the ductus venosus closes functionally at the time of the umbilical cord clamping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does the ductus venosus close anatomically?

A

the ductus venosus closes anatomically at 14 days

16
Q

When does the the foramen ovale close functionally?

A

within minutes of birth due to the expansion of the lungs and the decrease in PVR resulting in higher pressures in the left atrium

17
Q

When does the ductus arteriosus close functionally?

A

the ductus arteriosus closes functionally 10-15 hours after birth

17
Q

When does the ductus arteriosus close anatomically?

A

anatomic closure of the ductus venosus occurs within 2-3 months

18
Q

When measuring an infants preductal SpO2, where would you place the SpO2 monitor?

A

on the right hand

19
Q

Why is it important to measure an infants SpO2 on the right hand?

A
  1. This allows for a reading of preductal blood
  2. The ductus arteriosus is still open for 10-15 hours after birth and allows for blood to be mixed post ductally, by measuring the SpO2 preductally, we know what oxygen level is reaching the brain of the infant
20
Q

What vessel is considered preductal?

A

the brachiocephalic trunk

Pediatrics (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions