fertilization

Question 1

ploidy/ genetic content of fertilized egg

Answer 1

3c 3n

Question 2

geminal vesicle (oocyte paused in prophase of metaphase 1)

Answer 2

4n 4c

Question 3

endometrium

Answer 3

momside of the placenta

Question 4

myometrium

Answer 4

smooth muscle that is what contracts to push the baby out.

Question 5

cillia

Answer 5

lines the fallopian tube and vas deferens pushes sperm out and fertilized oocyte towards the uterus (microtubules)

Question 6

human chorionic gonadotropin

Answer 6

secreted by the blastocyst 10 days into embryogenesis, acts as LH can not be inhibited by P+E, so increases P+E despite the negative feedback loop

Question 7

Oxytocin

Answer 7

From the posterior pituitary. Makes smooth muscle contract. Your whole mullerian duct Is lined with smooth muscle, has receptors for oxytocin. [also important for birth contractions of the uterus and for mammary gland protection allowing you to have milk come out]

Question 8

Prostaglandin

Answer 8

Lipid important for contraction -Sperm fluid comes with prostaglandin in it. Upon ovulation ovary secretes prostaglandin. Posterior pituitary secretion of prostaglandin also induced by vaginal stretching of copulation. -Intercourse can trigger birth, because sperm comes with prostaglandin, and sperm fluid has prostaglandin that causes uterine contraction

Question 9

sperm capacitation

Answer 9

Albumen: removes cholesterol on the sperm membrane. Increases the negative environment inside. Result, moves ZP2 and Izumo to the head of the sperm, and prepares for the acrosomal vesicle for fusion (beginning of exocytosis)

capacitation intiated in the uterus, reached completion in the oviduct

Question 10

progesterone + sperm

Answer 10

before sperm capacitation progesterone activates catsper calcium ion channel in the sperm tail to help sperm motility

Question 11

cortical granuale exocytosis

Answer 11

spem reaching egg membrane triggers cortical granuole exocytosis, juno (sperm receptor) also removed and ZP2 cleaved, ZP3 modified

Question 12

three things sperm meeting egg triggers

Answer 12

CA+ influx-cytoplasmic waves:

1) cortical granuale exocytosis, juno excoytoced decreseases chances of polyspermy
2) CSF degraded, meiosis 2 completed
3) mitotic division reinitiated

Question 13

pre implantation nutrients

Answer 13

glands of the oviduct/ uterus secrete nurtirents diffuse into the embryp, the blastocyst can survive off of this because not large enough pre 10 days to need to implant