Fertility control Flashcards
Main goals of female oral contraceptives
Prevent ovulation
Thicken cervical mucus
Hostile endometrium
Examples of progestogen only oral contraceptives
Norethisterone
Levonorgestrel
Desogestrel
Mechanism of progestogen only oral contraceptives
Inhibit ovulation by suppression of LH surges
Thicken cervical mucus
Render the endometrium hostile
Adverse effects of POOC
Menstrual irregularity
Nausea
Vomiting
Headache
Breast discomfort
Weight changes
Changes in libido
Standard dose of POOC
1 tablet daily
e.g. 350mcg norethisterone
Combined oral contraceptives
Mixture of oestrogen and progestogen
Mechanism of COC
Progestogen inhibits ovulation by suppression of LH surge
Thickens cervical mucus and renders endometrium hostile
Oestrogen prevents follicular development
Adverse effects of COC
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal cramps
Fluid retention
Changes in body weight
Hepatic impairment
Cardiovascular changes
Breast tenderness
Cervical erosion
Exacerbation of migraine
Chloasma
Mood changes
Emergency contraception examples
Levo-norgestrel
Ulipristal
Drug to induce abortion
Mifepristone
Side effects of male hormonal contraceptives
No aggression nor libido
Regression of genitalia
Loss of
- male pattern pubic hair
- muscle development
- sperm production
