Feminist Explanations Of Crime And Devience

Question 1

Pollack, Chivalry Thesis (Feminism)

Answer 1

CJS, police etc more lenient towards women because of paternalistic, and traditional attitudes.
Therefore, crime rates misrepresented. May be bc police not record crime, less likely given custodial sentences, given fines, cautions instead (expressive role, children will lack it if mother in prison, may lead to them too committing crime)

Question 2

Carlen (Feminism)

Answer 2

Studied WC female prisoners. Many had poor family life, left school early, no qualifications, long-term unemployment. Crime only rational route for decent standard of living (nothing to lose by choosing to engage in criminal activity).
Economic crimes e.g. Shoplifting, social security fraud.

Question 3

Wood (Feminism)

Answer 3

Compared men and women sentencing:
White woman given custodial sentences 34% less than men
Black women, 37% less often
Support Chivalry thesis

Question 4

Example: Lavinia Woodward

Answer 4

Stabbed boyfriend in leg when drunk. Judge praised her, ruled it on diminished responsibility.

Question 5

Adler: ‘Liberation thesis’ (Feminism)

Answer 5

Suggests that as a society becomes less patriarchal and women’s economic opportunities become similar to men, women are becoming free to commit crimes similar to men.
Woman crime increases, men crime decreases

Question 6

Socialisation of gender roles: males

Answer 6

Manipulation: toys: trucks, soldiers
Colonisation: Strong, clever, brave boy
Movies: Disney
Clothing: predators: lion, dragon

Question 7

Hegemonic masculinity

Answer 7

Aggressive and emotionally ‘hard’ exercising control over others, especially women

Question 8

Messerschmidt (Male socialisation of GR, Feminism)

Answer 8

Boys socialised to seek status and respect from other men and often through violent confrontation with other men

Question 9

Socialisation of gender roles: female

Answer 9

Manipulation: toys: dolls, make up
Canalisation: princess, good girl
Movies: Disney
Clothing: pray: rabbits, unicorns

Question 10

Smart (Female socialisation of GR, Feminism)

Answer 10

Girls socialised into a form of hegemonic femininity (stresses care and consider others)

Question 11

Heidensohn (Female socialisation of GR, Feminism)

Answer 11

Females more conformist than men. Maybe because of an existing patriarchal society

Question 12

How does the dark figure explain feminist explanations of crime and deviance?

Answer 12

Explains differences in statistics, why men commit ‘more’ crime than woman