feminism - theorys and methods Flashcards
What is the patriarchy?
A system of society in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.
What is misogyny?
Dislike of, or ingrained prejudice against women.
What is subornation?
Being lower in rank or position.
What is oppression?
Being subject to unjust treatment.
What is gender socialisation?
Process where we learn our culture’s gender-related rules, norms, and expectations.
How is there gender inequality in the media? +statistic
-Stereotypes: WAGS, sex objects, emotional, male gaze.
-10% of films have a balanced cast of men and women.
How is there gender inequality in education? +statistic
-Traditional views of women put them off subjects like “maths and science”>teaching, nuirsing, caring jobs are desirable>these jobs are lower paid>internalised misogyny>women have to “aim higher” and do “male” jobs.
-75% of teachers are women.
How is there gender inequality in the workplace?
-Gender pay gap, men have more opportunities for promotion, senior parts>higher salaries.
-Women earn 16% less PER HOUR than men.
How is there gender inequality in healthcare?
-Doctors viewed men with chronic pain as “brave”, but women as “emotional”>more likely to treat women’s pain as a product of mental health condition>more likely to suffer with chronic pain.
-88% of NHS nurses and health visitors are women.
How is there gender inequality in sport?
-Coverage of women references their age and appearance.
-1/10 prefer to watch womens sports.
What 3 ways do we evaluate in sociology? Explain…
Functionalism- No conflict in society, everything has it’s own function.
Marxism- Upper+working class has more of a conflict, NOT gender. Class inequality.
Postmodernism- Meta-narrative (free-will) doesn’t exist. Instead you can “pick n mix”, choose your own identity.
Who does feminism benefit? Though it’s…how?
Women…subject to bias -doesn’t account for the male perspective, only benefits females.
How is feminism doing in developed countries?
Developed countries- people are more educated, women are getting better education, campaigns, rights, laws e.g. equal pay.
What is radical feminism?
-Radical- most extreme version, see men and women as social groups, that have different and conflicting interests, wants REVOLUTION.
Evaluate radical feminism.
Women like Serana Williams, Taylor Swift: underestimates how women are becoming less oppressed in modern, liberated Western societies.
Evaluate marxist feminism.
Underplays the influence of non-economic factors e.g. culture and religion, in the oppression of women. Patriarchy still exists in non-capitalist societies e.g. Russia and China.
Evaluate liberal feminism.
Campaigns>Western gov introducing laws and policies that improved women’s position in society. BUT there are still severe inequalities, but they overplay them now much of society has improved.
What is marxist feminism?
Capitalism=women oppression, women are disadvantaged economically=they carry out more unpaid labour e.g. childcare, housework, wants REVOLUTION.
What is liberal feminism?
Patriarchy is in retreat (withdrawing) as women’s rights and opportunities have improved over the past century, optimistic that gender inequalities will eventually disappear, GRADUAL CHANGE, rather than revolution.
What is domestic violence, according to the Home Office (2013)? (4)
What are the types of abuse/violence (5)
-Controlling or threatening behavior
-Violence or abuse
e.g psychological, physical, sexual, financial, emotional
-16+
-Are or have been family members
What did Dobash and Dobash find that caused violence against women?
Husband sees challenge to his authority e.g. his wife asking why he’s late to dinner,
What did Dobash and Dobash base their research on?
What examples do they cite?
Police and court records, and interviews with women in refuges.
Of wives being slapped, pushed, beaten, killed or raped by their husbands.
