Feminism Flashcards
Benston - class
women’s domestic work is unpaid and they are expected to look after their husbands emotional needs.
Ansley - class
women are the takers of shit.
Bruegel - class
Women join the workforce when needed and return to the house wife role, women are a part of the secondary labor market.
Crenshaw - age
older women experience ‘double discrimination’ due to age and gender.
Wolf - age
the media celebrates youthfulness in women and stigmatizes ageing.
Oakley, liberal feminists - gender
gender roles are socially constructed and what is learnt in primary socialisation limits the abilities of women and men.
Evidence of canalization, 88% of women had a Barbie doll growing up.
Equal Pay Act, liberal feminists - gender
flexible working hours and maternity pay have been introduced to reduced the gap between men and women In the workplace.
Greer, radical feminists - gender
criticized the nuclear family as a site of oppression, where traditional roles are enforced and limit women’s freedoms.
Delphey and Lenard, radical feminists - gender
women contribute more to family life and receive/gain less.
times use study, the 21 hours of house work on average a week.
Brewer - ethnicity
‘interplay’ or race, class, gender or all inequalities multiply the effect on each other.
Davis - Ethnicity
economic systems exploit EMW as they are seen as a cheap form of labor.
they are more possible to live in relative or absolute poverty.
Walby - Intersectionality ( which could be used as A03 of feminism )
‘tripple system’, ethnic minority women are exploited by the patriarchy/sexism and racism. ( along with class )
More recently she developed that religion and nationality also play a role.
The patriarchy has moved from private ( the home ) to public sectors like work and the media. Within this she identified six patriarchal structures.
Two of these are …
1. Violence - domestic violence I used to control and dominate.
2. Paid work - gender pay gap, horizontal segregation and glass ceiling.
A03 of class
class Inequality does not effect all women equally.
A03 of age
women are not a united group and the inequalities of those who poses multiple characteristic may suffer more, like EMW.
A03 of liberal feminists ( Mill + Oakley )
postmodernists argue that gender norms are no longer as rigidly enforced.
Connell - children now actively go against the typical gender norms.
A03 of liberal feminists laws
not all laws are followed or implemented and man y women still suffer the injustices.
Greer - laws focus on public issues and neglect private ones.
A03 of radical feminists ( Greer + Delphy and Lenard )
Liberal Feminists argue that the position of women has improved.
Postmodernists Willmot and Young - house husbands, many men now find satisfaction taking the domestic role.
A03 of ethnicity
Mirza - not all EMW experience oppression in the same way ( the success of young black girls in higher education )
Black women are not passive victims of Inequality and rebel against the system and succeed.( Mirza )
A03 of intersectionality
Stacey - women negotiate the systems they live in and are more active than given credit.
Preference theory, could be used as A03 of feminism.
Hakim - women make rational choices in terms of the lifestyles and work they do.
Hakim divided women into three categories, home centered, adaptive and work centered.
A03 of preference theory
categories women into narrow sub sections and doesn’t allow for movement between these characteristics.
Abbot et al - patriarchy continues to influence and control the decisions of women.
Vertical and Horizontal segregation (glass ceiling)
in 2024 only 19% of the world’s CEO’s were women.
out of that, 1% consisted of black females, link to A03.
