Feminism

Question 1

Benston - class

Answer 1

women’s domestic work is unpaid and they are expected to look after their husbands emotional needs.

Question 2

Ansley - class

Answer 2

women are the takers of shit.

Question 3

Bruegel - class

Answer 3

Women join the workforce when needed and return to the house wife role.

Question 4

Crenshaw - age

Answer 4

older women experience ‘double discrimination’ due to age and gender.

Question 5

Pearce - age

Answer 5

‘feminisation of poverty’ older women are more likely to rely on benefits etc..

Question 6

Itzin - age

Answer 6

women’s status deteriorates with age and women are told to prevent the signs of ageing.

Question 7

Wolf - age

Answer 7

the media celebrates youthfulness in women and stigmatizes ageing.

Question 8

Mill, liberal feminists - gender

Answer 8

denying women equal rights is not only injustice but a waste of human potential.

Question 9

Oakley, liberal feminists - gender

Answer 9

gender roles are socially constructed and what is learnt in primary socialisation limits the abilities of women and men.

Question 10

Equal Pay Act, liberal feminists - gender

Answer 10

flexible working hours and maternity pay have been introduced to reduced the gap between men and women In the workplace.

Question 11

Greer, radical feminists - gender

Answer 11

criticized the nuclear family as a site of oppression, where traditional roles are enforced and limit women’s freedoms.

Question 12

Delphey and Lenard, radical feminists - gender

Answer 12

women contribute more to family life and receive/gain less.

Question 13

Brewer - ethnicity

Answer 13

‘interplay’ or race, class, gender or all inequalities multiply the effect on each other.

Question 14

Davis - Ethnicity

Answer 14

economic systems exploit EMW as they are seen as a cheap form of labor.

they are more possible to live in relative or absolute poverty.

Question 15

Walby - Intersectionality ( which could be used as A03 of feminism )

Answer 15

‘tripple system’, ethnic minority women are exploited by the patriarchy/sexism and racism. ( along with class )

More recently she developed that religion and nationality also play a role.

The patriarchy has moved from private ( the home ) to public sectors like work and the media. Within this she identified six patriarchal structures.

Two of these are …
1. Violence - domestic violence I used to control and dominate.
2. Paid work - gender pay gap, horizontal segregation and glass ceiling.

Question 16

A03 of class

Answer 16

class Inequality does not effect all women equally.

Question 17

A03 of age

Answer 17

women are not a united group and the inequalities of those who poses multiple characteristic may suffer more, like EMW.

Question 18

A03 of liberal feminists ( Mill + Oakley )

Answer 18

postmodernists argue that gender norms are no longer as rigidly enforced.

Connell - children now actively go against the typical gender norms.

Question 19

A03 of liberal feminists laws

Answer 19

not all laws are followed or implemented and man y women still suffer the injustices.

Greer - laws focus on public issues and neglect private ones.

Question 20

A03 of radical feminists ( Greer + Delphy and Lenard )

Answer 20

Liberal Feminists argue that the position of women has improved.

Postmodernists Willmot and Young - house husbands, many men now find satisfaction taking the domestic role.

Question 21

A03 of ethnicity

Answer 21

Mirza - not all EMW experience oppression in the same way ( the success of young black girls in higher education )

Black women are not passive victims of Inequality and rebel against the system and succeed.( Mirza )

Question 22

A03 of intersectionality

Answer 22

Stacey - women negotiate the systems they live in and are more active than given credit.

Question 23

Preference theory, could be used as A03 of feminism.

Answer 23

Hakim - women make rational choices in terms of the lifestyles and work they do.

Hakim divided women into three categories, home centered, adaptive and work centered.

Question 24

A03 of preference theory

Answer 24

categories women into narrow sub sections and doesn’t allow for movement between these characteristics.

Abbot et al - patriarchy continues to influence and control the decisions of women.