Feminism

Question 1

Abbott et al

Answer 1

White feminists have been allowed to speak on behalf of black feminist but not black feminists speaking on behalf of white feminists
The position of black and minority ethnic women remains unchallenged.
Critical of the lack of centrality given to issues of ethnic differences, racialisation and racism in feminist theory and research
Racial ideologies see it as natural and inevitable that one group is superior due to the fact of skin colour, language, cultural patterns, etc.
Sociology being dominated by white males, women have come into discipline and challenges the view of the malestream but also tend to be white.

Question 2

Brewer

Answer 2

Argues that class, race and gender combine to create multiple sources of deprivation and inequality.
Women from black and ethnic minority backgrounds suffer from inequalities because they are black, they are women and they are working class
Patriarchy, capitalism AND racism combine to create inequality for black and minority ethnic women.

Question 3

Mirza

Answer 3

Triple system of oppression: race, gender, social class
Range of inequality.
Black feminism is needed in the development of feminism, as they challenge dominant images of black women as passive victims (in the media etc) of racism, patriarchy and social class. Black feminism therefore challenges stereotypical depictions of ethnic minority women and inequality that is caused by this.
E.g. white feminism does not examine the concrete ceiling, culture limitations (BAME women restricted to the home) abuse/ assault force (extreme cases FGM/ forced marriages)

Question 4

Connell

Answer 4

Takes a post colonial feminism stance, argues that gender and ethnic inequality is caused by colonialism
Suggests that it is important to challenge the dominance of western feminism as globally, women face a range of different forms of oppression e.g. Native American women as customs of human trafficking
Postcolonial feminists would argue that gender inequality is seen through western eyes e.g. explores pay gap but no issues such as the concert ceiling/ cultural inequalities