female reproductive system Flashcards
The uterine tubes lie in the free edge of which ligament?
broad
List the mechanisms, which facilitate movement of an ovum along the duct?
Cilia and smooth muscle contraction (peristalsis)
Explain how infection may spread to the peritoneum from the female reproductive tract.
The opening of the uterine tube at the infundibulum into the peritoneal cavity allows infection such as gonorrhea to spread from the vagina and cervix, via the uterus and uterine tubes into the peritoneal cavity.
What may be the consequence of infection in the uterine tubes?
Adhesions, which do not allow an ovum to pass through to the uterus. Hence, this may cause infertility or an ectopic pregnancy.
Where would pain be felt with an ectopic pregnancy implanted in the ampulla of the uterine tubes?
Explain why pain may be felt at the shoulder tip following rupture of an ectopic pregnancy?
If lying down blood in the peritoneal cavity may collect beneath the diaphragm irritating the phrenic nerve.
Since this nerve originates with cutaneous nerves from C3, 4 and 5, pain may be referred to the dermatomes for these segments; i.e. shoulders. Pain felt in the lower quadrants is due to stretching and tearing of the peritoneum.
Describe the arterial blood supply to the uterine tubes?
t is an anastomotic system of the ovarian and uterine arteries.
what is hysterectomy
In clamping off the uterine artery, the ureter may be accidentally damaged
(remember : water (urine) under the (arterial) bridge).
Ovary and its relation to the pariteoneum?
what does it contain?
what surrounds it?
paired organ where oogenesis takes place
It has a fibrous outer structure called the tunica albuginea
The ovary is fully enclosed in parietal peritoneum. It contains follicles that will be stimulated by FSH to produce a primary follicle, which will then mature to release an ovum.
What is the origin of the blood supply to the ovary?
Abdominal aorta —> ovarian artery
Describe the venous drainage of the right and left ovary
Left ovarian vein —> left renal vein
Right ovarian vein —> inferior vena cava
lymphatic drainage of ovary
para-aortic lymph nodes
Why do I sometimes get a sharp pain at ovulation?
Oocyte pops out of the ovary! And goes in the peritoneal cavity, Making a hole in the parietal perotineum, we feel pain bc its innervated by somatic nerves
Why do nuns tend to get ovarian cancer?
Not allowed to have sex, capsule of ovary is damaged too much, cuz they undergo too much ovulation
and parts of the broad ligament
Describe how the tissue structure of the Fallopian tube facilitates transport of the ovum towards the uterus.
with ciliated columnar epithelial cells and peg cells (non-ciliated secretory cells). They waft the ovum towards the uterus and supply it with nutrients.
Smooth muscle layer contracts to assist with transportation of the ova and sperm.
Muscle is sensitive to sex steroids, and thus peristalsis is greatest when oestrogen levels are high.
label ovarian artery, uterine artery, vaginal artery and internal pudendal artery.
