Female Reproductive System Flashcards
female gonads
ovaries, 2, produce gamates and sex hormones
gamates
oocytes
oocytes
found in the follicles of cortex of ovary, females total egg supply is complete before birth
uterine tube
receive egg ejected from ovary, at distal end is ampulla, egg is carried to uterus by cilia and peristalsis
uterus
size of inverted pear, 3 layers perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
oogensis
process of making ova
oogenesis before birth
all primordial follicles are present and contain primary oocyte arrested in prophase
oogenesis unitl menopause
primordial follicle begins to grow and develop
oogenesis from puberty to menopause
some vesicular follicles are rescued each month and the primary oocyte completes meiosis 1
ovarian cycle
follicular phase, ovulatoin, luteal phase
follicular phase
1-14 days, period of follicle growth
steps of follicular phase
- primordial follicle activated
- follicle grows
- when there is more layers of granulosa cells, the follicle becomes a secondary follicle
- oocyte growth is extensive and becomes vesciular follicle full size, burst and releases secondary oocyte
luteal phase
after ovulation ruptures, follicle collapses, granulosa enlarges and forms corpus lutem
corpus luteum
endocrine gland and secretes estrogen and progesterone
if no pregnancy occurs the corpus luteum,..
degenerates in 10 days, becomes a scar on ovary
if pregnancy occurs, corpus luteum…
continues for 3 months
leptin
makes hypothalamus less sensitive to estrogen and puberty begin
early and midfollicular phases
- GnRh stimulates ant. pit to release fsh and lh at puberty
- Fsh-follicular maturation and growth. LH- stimulates thecal cells to release androgens then estrogen
- Estrogen causes inhibition of ant. pit. to stop release of FSH and LH
- Inhibin is released from granulosa called to also inhibit FSH and LH
late follicular and luteal phase
- follicle continues to produce estrogen, cause LH surge
- LH surge triggers ovulation, primary oocycte completes meiosis 1
- Pro and estrogen now inhibit LH release along with inhibin.
LH surge
primary oocyte to meiosis 1, triggers event that leads to ovulation, transforms ruptured follicle in to corpus luteum
pregnancy
sperm and egg chromosomes combine and replicate that produces 2 daughter cells
blasomere
2 cells, 2 days
morula
16 cells, 3 days
blastocyte
100 cells, 4-5 days, implants 6-7 days after ovulation
