Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Female External Genitalia

Answer 1

Mons Pubis
Clitoris
Urethra
Vaginal Orifice
Skene’ and Bartholin’s Glands
Hymen
Fourchette
Perineum

Question 2

Female Internal Genitalia

Answer 2

Vagina
Uterus
Cervix (endo, myo, peri)
Fallopian Tubes (isthus, ampulla, infundibulum)
Ovaries

Question 3

Mons pubis

Answer 3

• Contains pubic hair.
• Symphysis pubis can also be palpated which contains the uterus.
• You cannot palpate the uterus of a female who is not pregnant because it’s too small (50g organ).
• If a woman gets pregnant, the uterus will become a 1000g organ

Question 4

Clitoris

Answer 4

erectile tissue of the female, counterpart of penis.

Question 5

Urethra

Answer 5

Oonly urine passes through the urethra in females.
A Foley catheter can be inserted in this hole.

Question 6

Vaginal orifice

Answer 6

• hole of the vagina
• organ of copulation where the penis is inserted
• which is the first step in uniting the egg and sperm.
• Menstruation, baby and other products of conception come out of this hole.
• Instruments, finger, sex toys (foreplay) can be inserted here.

Question 7

Skene’s glands, Bartholin’s glands

Answer 7

• Important for lubrication; important because if not lubricated it’s painful dyspareunia.
• Water-based lubricant can be used if lubricating is not achieved.

Question 8

Hymen

Answer 8

• Very thin tissue covering the vagina.
• Common misconception is that when the hymen is already torn, a female is not virgin anymore.
• It must be torn first for menstrual flow to happen.

Question 9

Fourchette

Answer 9

• Area of skin that can be torn upon giving birth.
• If accidentally torn, it’s called laceration.
• If on purpose, it’s called episiotomy.
• Repair of laceration & episiorrhaphy- repair of the fourchette

Question 10

Perineum

Answer 10

Area where lacerations occur

Question 11

Vagina

Answer 11

Organ of copulation

Question 12

Uterus

Answer 12

has three areas:
1. fundus (top- can be palpable 12-16 weeks or 3-4 months pregnant)
2. body (stretch from a 50g organ to 1000g organ) 3. cervix (opening of uterus, important during labor since it should dilate, kwelyo ng matres, accumulates HPV which causes cervical cancer).

Question 13

Cervix – has three layers:

Answer 13

■ endometrium (innermost layer which thickens monthly, kinakapitan ng baby)
■ myometrium (contracts), and
■ perimetrium (layer of protection).

Question 14

Fallopian Tubes and its three areas

Answer 14

– where egg and sperm meet. Usual site of fertilization.
■ Isthmus
■ ampulla (where sperm and egg meet),
■ infundibulum

Question 15

Ovaries

Answer 15

gonads of females, which produce egg cells and estrogen. From 5-7 million eggs, nagiging 2 million na lang upon birth. Pag 7 years old 500 thousand eggs na lang. If tumanda pa, 300 thousand eggs. Pag ubos na, menopause 40-50 years old.

Question 16

BREAST

Answer 16

Very important for breastfeeding

Question 17

Prolactin

Answer 17

hormone from anterior pituitary gland which aids in milk production

Question 18

Oxytocin

Answer 18

hormone from the posterior pituitary gland which is called the let-down reflex, which helps the milk to be secreted.

Question 19

Pelvis

Answer 19

● Sipit-sipitan in tagalog.
● Favors vaginal birth called gynecoid pelvis.
● Should be measured when a woman becomes pregnant for the first time. If it is not favoring vaginal birth, vaginal birth would not be possible therefore cesarean delivery occurs.