Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Hyster/o, metr/

Answer 1

Uterus Hysterectomy, endometritis (inflammation of the lining of uterus)

Question 2

Salping/o, -salpinx

Answer 2

Oviduct, Uterine tube

Question 3

Colp/o

Answer 3

Vagina

Question 4

Oophor/o

Answer 4

Ovary Oophorectomy, oophoropexy (surgery fixation, reattachment)

Question 5

Men/o

Answer 5

Menstruation Menarche (first), dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation)

Question 6

Mamm/o, mast/o

Answer 6

Breast Mammogram, mastectomy

Question 7

-pareunia, coitus

Answer 7

Intercourse Dyspareunia (painful intercourse), precoital, postcoital (before and after intercourse)

Question 8

Episiotomy

Answer 8

a surgical procedure cutting into the perineal area, the area between the vagina and anus in order to prevent tearing of tissues when the baby’s head traverses the vaginal opening.

Question 9

Hysterosalpingogram

Answer 9

special X-rays of the uterus and uterine tubes involving passing an opaque dye backwards up through the uterus to determine if the tubes are patent. Since the tubes are open into the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity, if patent, dye should spill out of the end of the tubes and be manifest on the X-ray.

Question 10

Colposcopy

Answer 10

using a magnifying instrument to inspect the interior of the vagina and cervix, the entrance to the uterus.

Question 11

Dilatation and curettage (D & C)

Answer 11

dilating the cervix, the entrance into the uterus, and passing instruments that enable scraping off superficial layers of the endometrium. May be done as an early therapeutic abortion, or following a normal pregnancy to remove residual tissue remaining in the uterus, or may be done as a diagnostic procedure to examine lining tissue of the uterus.

Question 12

Mammoplasty

Answer 12

Surgical reconstruction of the breast may involve breast enlargement or reduction or cosmetic reconstruction after mastectomy. What are the risk factors of developing breast cancer? Check out this women’s health link for answers.

Question 13

-para

Answer 13

Live birth Nullipara (no live births), multipara (many live births)

Question 14

Pudendal block

Answer 14

An anesthetic administered to block sensation around the lower vagina and perineum. This facilitates performing an episiotomy (see above) allowing passage of the baby’s head while avoiding uncontrolled tearing of tissues. By the way, pudendal, an ancient name for external genitalia, means “that which we should be ashamed of” in Latin. Even Adam and Eve wore fig leaves!

Question 15

-gravida

Answer 15

Pregnancy Nulligravida (never pregnant), primigravida (first-time pregnant), multigravida (many pregnancies)

Question 16

Part/o, toc/o

Answer 16

Labor/birth/delivery Prepartum, postpartum (before and after delivery), dystocia (difficult delivery)

Question 17

Abruptio placentae

Answer 17

(Latin, “breaking off”). Premature separation of a normally implanted placenta before full term. Occurs in only about 1% of pregnancies. However, it has a 20-40% fetal mortality rate and is a significant contributor to maternal mortality.

Question 18

Placenta previa

Answer 18

(Latin, “leading the way”). A placenta implanted over the cervical region of the uterus blocking the entrance to the birth canal. Occurs in less than one percent of pregnancies, but can cause significant bleeding and require a complicated delivery.

Question 19

Eclampsia

Answer 19

(toxemia of pregnancy )- a serious and life-threatening condition that may develop during pregnancy involving hypertension, convulsions and coma. A less severe form, preeclampsia, may develop but can be managed if identified and treated early.

Question 20

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 20

(Greek, “out of place”). A pregnancy implanted anywhere outside of the uterus. The uterine tube (Fallopian tube) is the most common location, also called a “tubal pregnancy”. The abdominal cavity is the least common location. Occurs in about 2% of pregnancies. When it occurs, it is a surgical emergency, because the uterine tube cannot sustain tremendous expansion like the uterus. Eventually, the uterine tube will rupture with severe, possibly fatal, hemorrhaging.

Question 21

Episi/o

Answer 21

vulva

Question 22

Gyn/o, genec/o

Answer 22

woman

Question 23

Mast/o

Answer 23

breats, mammary gland

Question 24

Metr/o, metr/i

Answer 24

uterus

Question 25

O/o

Answer 25

ovum, egg cell

Question 26

Oophor/o

Answer 26

ovary

Question 27

Ov/o, ovul/o

Answer 27

ovum, egg cell