Female Reproductive

Question 1

Structures Holding the Ovaries in Place

Answer 1

• Broad Ligament
• Suspensory Ligament
• Ovarian Ligament
• Mesenteries

Question 2

Functions of the Ovary

Answer 2

• Follicle development
• Estrogen and progesterone production

Question 3

LH

Answer 3

• Stimulates theca cells
• Theca cells create androgens
• LH spike causes ovulation

Question 4

FSH

Answer 4

• Triggers granulosa cells to convert androgens to estrogen
• FSH spike causes ovulation
• Higher levels for the first 14 days of the cycle because the follicle is growing

Question 5

Products of Oogenesis

Answer 5

• Three polar bodies
• One cytoplasm rich ovum

Question 6

Features of Primary Oocyte

Answer 6

• Surrounded by a single layer of granulosa cells
• Combination of oocyte and granulosa is called the primary follicle

Question 7

Features of the Primary Follicle

Answer 7

• One of several primordial follicles
• The only one that will fully mature

Question 8

The Primary Follicle Matures into the

Answer 8

Secondary Follicle

Question 9

What Occurs at Ovulation

Answer 9

The ovum is pushed out of the ovary wall and collected by fimbrae

Question 10

Features of the Ovarian Tubes

Answer 10

• Site of fertilization
• Have fimbrae that draw in the egg
• Cilia and smooth muscle transport the egg

Question 11

Features of the Endometrium

Answer 11

• Site of implantation
• Has a basal layer which is always present and dividing to form the functional layer
• Functional layer, which is shed each month

Question 12

Features of the Cervix

Answer 12

• Thin bottleneck of the uterus
• Dilates to 10 cm and effaces (thins and softens) during labour

Question 13

Features of the Vagina

Answer 13

• Birth canal
• Site of sperm deposition
• Secretes mucous and acid to protect itself

Question 14

Corpus Luteum

Answer 14

• Left over from the follicle
• Secretes estrogen and progesterone
• Degenerates if fertilization does not occur
• Secretes HCG, maintains itself, and stops menses if egg is fertilized

Question 15

Phases of the Uterine Cycle

Answer 15

• Begins with the menstrual phase (day 1-7): functional layer is shed bc of a drop in estrogen and progesterone
• Proliferative phase (day 7-14): higher estrogen to repair the uterine wall
• Secretory/ progestational phase: High estrogen and progesterone, endometrium thickens to prepare for implantation

Question 16

Causes of Female Infertility

Answer 16

• Abnormal hormone production
• Irregular or absent cycles
• Endometriosis
• Acidic vagina
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Too thick mucous
• Aging
• Blocked tubules

Question 17

What Week do Heart and Placenta Become Functional

Answer 17

Week 5

Question 18

How Many Carnegie Stages Are There

Answer 18

23