female repro organs Flashcards
what structures make up the birth canal
vagina
cervix
uterus
what is the rectouterine pouch
how do you access it
space between the rectum and uterus
through posterior fornix
what is the uterovesical pouch
space between bladder and uterus
what are the three layers of the uterus
perimetrium/peritoneum
myometrium
endometrium
what covers the uterus in the pelvic cavity
peritoneum
what is the fundus
top part of uterus above where uterine tubes enter
what is the cervix
lower part of the uterus connecting it to the vagina
what is the anatomical position of the uterus with respect to the vagina
anteverted
what is the anatomical position of the uterus with respect to the cervix
anteflexed
where does the uterus lie in relation to the bladder and rectum
postosuperior to bladder
anterior to rectum
what are the ligaments of the uterus
broad round ovarian cardinal uterosacral
what is the blood supply/drainage of the uterus
uterine artery
plexus in broad ligament drains to uterine veins
where does sympathetic innervation of the uterus come from
uterovaginal plexus
where does parasympathetic innervation of the uterus come from
pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4
what part of uterus is opened in a CS
anterior wall at lower section
what are the anatomical relations of the vagina
anterior - bladder and urethra
posterior - rectouterine pouch, rectum, anal canal
lateral - ureters, levator ani muscle
what are the fornices of the vagina
domes at superior end of vagina
surround cervix
anterior and posterior fornix
lateral fornices
what fornix can be used to access the rectouterine pouch
posterior fornix
what are the parts of the uterine tubes
fimbriae
infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
where does fertilisation usually occur
ampulla
what is the blood supply and drainage of the vagina
uterine and vaginal arteries
vaginal venous plexus drains to vaginal veins
what is the lymphatic drainage of the superior vagina
external iliac nodes
lymphatic drainage of middle vagina
internal iliac nodes
lymphatic drainage of inferior vagina
superficial inguinal nodes
what are the two ligaments of the ovaries
suspensory ligament of ovary
ligament of ovary
what is the structure of the suspensory ligament
fold of peritoneum
goes from ovary to lateral pelvic wall
what is the structure of the ligament of ovary/ovarian ligament
extends from ovary to fundus of uterus
what is the main arterial supply to the ovaries
paired ovarian arteries arising from abdominal aorta
where do the ovarian veins drain (different for R and L)
left - left renal vein
right - IVC
what is the venous drainage of the ovary
paired ovarian veins
where does lymph from ovaries drain into
para-aortic nodes
at what vertebral level do the ovarian arteries originate
L2/3
what is the anatomical course of the ovarian arteries
descend and pass within suspensory ligament and supply ovaries via broad ligament
freely anastomoses with uterine artery
what is the lymphatic drainage of the ovaries and fundus of uterus
para-aortic nodes
what does the placenta develop from
trophoblast
feto-maternal organ
what is the maternal side of the placenta like
rough and spongy
what is the fetal surface of the placenta like
smooth with attachment of umbilical cord
what are the four functions of the placenta
gas exchange
metabolism
nutrient exchange
endocrine secretion
what are the three structures in the umbilical cord
two umbilical arteries
umbilical vein
what structure does the umbilical vein persist as
round ligament of liver
what are the breasts
modified sweat glands
what is the breast mad eup of
15-25 lobes with tubulo-acinar glands and stroma
what is the surface anatomy of the breasts
extend vertically from 2/3rd rib to 6th rib
extend horizontally from sternal edge to mid axillary line
what is the retromammary space
space behind tissue of breast that helps with movement
what is the function of the suspensory ligament of cooper
anchors breast tissue to dermis and supports lobules
where do lobules drain to
lactiferous ducts
the ducts converge to form the lactiferous sinus
what kind of tissue is the nipple
smooth muscle and collagenous connective tissue
what is the arterial supply to the breast
branches of subclavian and axillary arteries
what muscles are related to deep surface of breast
pectoralis minor and major
serratus anterior
where does most of the lymph from the breasts drain to
axillary nodes
what other nodes do the breasts drain to
parasternal
mostly the medial quadrants that drain to here
what are the 5 groups of axillary lymph nodes
lateral apical central posterior pectoral
