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Anatomy > Female Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

Female Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Relationship of the female genital structures to the bladder and rectum

A

Middle of pelvis between the bladder anteriorly and rectum posteriorly

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2
Q

What are the 2 peritoneal recesses in females? (just names)

A

Vesicouterine and rectouterine pouch

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3
Q

Vesicouterine pouch forms in between?

A

Bladder and uterus

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4
Q

What is the lowest point in female peritoneal cavity and what does it form in between?

A

Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas): between uterus and rectum

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5
Q

Function of ovaries and location on pelvis wall

A

Produce eggs and reproductive hormones

Located on lateral wall of pelvis

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6
Q

What does the ligament of the ovary attach?

A

Attaches the ovary to the supralateral aspect of the uterus

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7
Q

What is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

A

Fold of peritoneum that encloses the ovarian vessels and nerves as they pass over the pelvic brim to the ovary

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8
Q

What is the mesovarium?

A

Suspends the ovary from the posterior part of the broad ligament

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9
Q

Blood supply to the ovary; what does the artery branch from?

A

Ovarian artery; branch of abdominal aorta at L2

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10
Q

Venous drainage of the ovaries

- Difference between right and left ovarian vein drainage

A

Pampiniform plexus which may converge to form a single ovarian vein
- Right → IVC left → left renal vein

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11
Q

Ovary innervation

A

Ovarian and pelvic nerve plexus

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12
Q

Pathway of lymphatic vessels

A

Follow the ovarian vessels superiorly to the lateral aortic nodes

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13
Q

What structures form the uterine tubes?

A

Oviducts, fallopian tubes

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14
Q

Function of uterine tubes

A

Conduct the oocyte from the peri-ovarian peritoneal cavity to the uterine cavity

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15
Q

What are the 4 parts of the uterine tube? (just names)

A

Uterine (passes through the wall of the uterus), isthmus (narrowest part), infundibulum

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16
Q

What part is the longest and widest and normally the site of fertilization?

A

Ampulla

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17
Q

What is ectopic pregnancy?

A

Implantation of fertilized ovum outside the uterus

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18
Q

Blood supply to uterine tubes

Venous drainage

A

Anastomosing ovarian and uterine arteries

Drained by accompanying veins

19
Q

Lymphatic drainage of uterine tubes

A

Lymph vessels follow the ovarian veins to the lateral aortic nodes

20
Q

Innervation of uterine tubes

A

Ovarian and uterine plexuses

21
Q

Relationship of uterus to the pelvis, bladder and rectum

A

Center of pelvis, posterior the bladder, anterior to the rectum

22
Q

What are the 2 parts of the uterus and what proportion do they make up? What additional structures do those parts include?

A

Body: superior 2/3
- Fundus and isthmus

Cervis: inferior 1/3

  • Least mobile part
  • Supravaginal (above vagina)
23
Q

Uterine cavity

  • What does it communicate with?
  • Extends from what to what?
A
  • Communicates with the lumen of the uterine tubes where they enter the uterine horns
  • Extends inferiorly through the internal orifice to the cervical canal and terminates where the external orifice opens into the vagina
24
Q

What is sampled during a pap smear?

A

Cellular material from the mucosa of both the vaginal and supravaginal cervix

25
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus?

A

Anteverted (axis of the cervix is bent anteriorly) and anteflexed (long axis of the uterus is tipped anteriorly)

26
Q

What does flexion describe?

A

The angle between the uterine body and the isthmus

27
Q

What does version describe?

A

Angle between cervix and vaginal

28
Q

What are the 2 uterine ligaments that arise from the uterine body? Just names

A

Broad ligament and paired round ligaments of the uterus

29
Q

What is the broad ligament?

- What are its 3 parts?

A

Double fold of peritoneum that extends laterally from each side of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis

  • Mesosalpinx: ensheaths the uterine tube
  • Mesovarium: posterior extension which suspends the ovary
  • Mesometrium: extends from the uterine body below the mesovarium to the sidewall of the pelvis
30
Q

Describe the pathway of the round ligament of the uterus?

A

Originate near the fundus from each side of the uterus, pass through the deep inguinal rings, traverse the inguinal canal, insert in the labia majora of the perineum

31
Q

What are the 2 uterine ligaments that arise from the cervix?

A

Cardinal (transverse cervical) and uterosacral ligaments

32
Q

What are the cardinal ligaments thickenings of? Where are they located?
- Relationship with the ureter and uterine artery

A

Thickenings of endopelvic fascia that connect the uterine cervix to the pelvic sidewall
- located at the base of the broad ligament and transmit the uterine vessels

  • Ureter passes inferior the uterine artery within the cardinal ligament
33
Q

What are the uterosacaral ligaments thickenings of? What do they help to maintain?

A

Thickenings of endopelvic fascia that connect the uterine cervix to the sacrum
- Help to maintain the anteverted position of the uterus

34
Q

Blood supply to the uterus

- Relationship of this artery with the ovarian artery, vaginal artery, and cardinal ligament

A

Uterine artery
Traverses the cardinal ligament and anastomoses superiorly with the ovarian artery and inferiorly with the vaginal artery

35
Q

Venous drainage of the uterus

A

Uterine venous plexus receives the uterine veins and drains to the internal iliac veins → common iliac veins → IVC

36
Q

What does the lymphatic drainage of the uterus follow?

What nodes does it drain to?

A

Uterine veins or the uterine ligaments

Internal and external iliac nodes

37
Q

Innervation of the uterus

A

Uterovaginal nerve plexus, derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus

38
Q

The vagina communicates with what superiorly and inferiorly?

A

Superiorly: cervical canal
Inferiorly: vestibule of vagina

39
Q

Vagina’s relations to bladder, urethra, rectum, cervix

A

Posterior to the bladder and urethra, anterior to the rectum

40
Q

What is the vaginal fornix?

The posterior fornix is in contact with?

A

Anterior, lateral, posterior part; recess that surrounds the lower cervix as it protrudes into the upper vagina
- Posterior fornix is in contact with the rectouterine pouch = provides access to the peritoneal cavity

41
Q

Blood supply to vagina

A

Internal iliac artery through its uterine, vaginal, and internal pudendal branches

42
Q

Venous drainage of vagina

A

Veins of the vagina → uterovaginal venous plexus → internal iliac vein → common iliac veins → IVC

43
Q

Vagina innervation

- Describe the somatic innervation

A

Uterovaginal nerve plexus
Deep perineal branch of the pudendal nerve somatically innervates the lowest vaginal segment (only part of the vagina that’s sensitive to touch)

44
Q

Lymphatic drainage of vagina

Exception: inferior part of vagina and perineum

A

Vagina: internal and external iliac nodes

Inferior part and perineum: superficial inguinal nodes

Anatomy (10 decks)

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