Female Genital Tract

Question 1

What is characteristic about Molluscum contagiosum lesions?

Answer 1

A pinpoint, central umbilication

Question 2

What are 3 unique aspects of psoriasis?

Answer 2

1. Kedners (sp?) phenomenon: lesions occur after trauma to the skin
2. Auspitz sign: pinpoint bleeding after scratching lesions
3. blanching of skins occurs around lesions

Question 3

Compare and contrast histological findings

Answer 3

fill in later

Question 4

What is the characteristic histology of psoriasis?

Answer 4

hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis, loss of granular layer, epidermal acanthosis, notable elongation of rete ridges/pegs with vascular dilation

Question 5

What is characteristic histology of lichen simplex chronicus?

Answer 5

thickened epidermis with leukocyte infiltration of the underlying dermis;
elongation, widening, irregular thickening of rete ridges along with acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and chronic inflammation of the dermis

Question 6

Microscopic appearance of lichen planus usually reveals:

Answer 6

sawtoothed appearance of rete pegs (degeneration of basal layer, thickening of grnaular cell layer, infiltration of inflammatory cells into the subendothelial layer)

Question 7

Thickening of skin of the vulva and peri-anal area which appears pale of white in color may indicate:

Answer 7

Lichen sclerosus

Question 8

What skin condition around the vulva has the greatest risk for developing into carcinoma?

Answer 8

Lichen sclerosus

Question 9

What is the characteristic histological appearance of Lichen sclerosus

Answer 9

Rete pegs are few or absent, dermal layer lost- epithelial thining, flattening of rete pegs, acellular zone under epidermis of homogenized pink-staining, collagenous-appearing tissue

Question 10

Bartholin duct cysts are surrounded by

Answer 10

normal looking epithelium (double-check)

Question 11

Does having a Bartholin duct cyst indicate an STI?

Answer 11

not necessarily

Question 12

What STI has a flagella and is a protozoa?

Answer 12

Trichomonas

Question 13

What percent of sexually active teens are estimated to have herpes antibodies?

Answer 13

about 80%

Question 14

What infection can cause multinucleated cells?

Answer 14

HSV

Question 15

What is the underlying infection that results in condyloma acuminata?

Answer 15

HPV causing genital warts

Question 16

What HPV types are responsible for 90% of genital warts?

Answer 16

HPV types 6 and 11

Question 17

Which HPV types account for 70+% of cervical cancer cases?

Answer 17

Types 16 and 18

Question 18

What are histological changes that are seen in condylomata acuminata?

Answer 18

acanthosis, hyperkeratosis with cytoplasmic vacuolation

Question 19

What underlying infection is associated with condyloma lata/latum?

Answer 19

syphilis

Question 20

What STI shows a painless chancre?

Answer 20

syphilis

Question 21

MIssed slides on BV

Answer 21

include later

Question 22

Clue cells indicate:

Answer 22

Bacterial vaginosis

Question 23

seeing organisms with flagella on a wet prep may indicate:

Answer 23

Trichomonas vaginalis (or sperm)

Question 24

Seeing Hyphae/budding yeast on a wet prep would indicate:

Answer 24

Candida albicans

Question 25

An erythematous, friable cervix sometimes with thin white discharge:

Answer 25

chlamydia trachomatis

Question 26

Neisseria Gonorrhea cell histology (gram staining)

Answer 26

intra/extracellular diplococci, gram-negative; with polymorphonuclear lymphocytes

Question 27

Which STI causes significant white vaginal discharge?

Answer 27

gonorrhea

Question 28

Vulvular intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is characterized by:

Answer 28

hyperpigmented skin plaques, (erythroplakia, leuokoplakia may indicate carcinoma)

Question 29

HPV positive VIN histopathology characteristics: (general characteristics of cancerous/precancerous changes)

Answer 29

diffuse cellular atypia, nuclear crowding, increased mitotic index

Question 30

What are the 4 high risk strains of HPV?

Answer 30

16, 18, 31, 45 (cervical and vulvular cancer assoicated)

Question 31

Approximately 85% of vulvular cancers are:

Answer 31

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 32

Poorly differentiated cells of the vulvar area is highly correlated with:

Answer 32

HPV associated carcinoma (if you can identify previously vulvular cell types, HPV is less likely the causative agent)

Question 33

Well differentiated keratinizing vulvar carcinoma is typically HPV negative or positive?

Answer 33

HPV negative

Question 34

Clear cell carcinoma of the vagina is seen more often in:

Answer 34

DES mothers, daughters (and even granddaughters)

Question 35

vacuolated tumor cells in clusters and gland-like structures are called:

Answer 35

clear cell carcinoma (DES associated)

Question 36

Fifth most deadly cancer in women is:

Answer 36

cervical cancer

Question 37

Gene associated with cervical cancer:

Answer 37

HLA-B7

Question 38

Risk factors for cervical cancer includes:

Answer 38

early age at first intercourse, multiple sex partners, male partner with multiple previous sexual partners, persistent high-risk HPV infection, exposure to oral contraceptives, tobacco use, Hx of STIs, multiple births

Question 39

Koilocytosis is:

Answer 39

term used to describe cellular changes in which cells nuclei are enlarged and stain with halo-like appearance. –> low grade SIL, ASC-US