Female Genital Pathology Flashcards
(35 cards)
Molluscum contagiosum:
- Gross description
- Infectious agent
- Small cluster of 2mm papules with central umbilication
- Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (a DNA poxvirus)
Psoriasis:
- Gross appearance
- Micro appearance
- MC areas
- Silvery plaques on an erythematous base
- Hyperkeratosis, loss of granular layer, elongation of rete pegs
- Scalp, elbows, knees, gluteal cleft
Lichen Simplex Chronicus:
- Description
- Micro appearance
- Keywords: ___ - ____ cycle
- Epithelial thickening dt chronic scratching
- Elongation, widening, and thickening of rete pegs
- Scratch-itch cycle
Lichen planus:
- Gross appearance
- Micro appearance
- Red, sore, raw areas of skin w/ scarring
- Saw-tooth rete pegs **pathognomonic
Lichen sclerosus:
- Gross appearance
- Micro appearance
- Inc risk of …?
- White/pale thickening of skin of vulva
- Edema of basal layer, collagen deposition, disappearance of rete pegs
- Vulvar carcinoma
What happens with the epithelial rete pegs in the following conditions:
Psoriasis, LSC, Lichen Planus, Lichen Sclerosus
Psoriasis: elongation
Lichen Simplex Chronicus: elongation, thickening, widening
Lichen Planus: saw-tooth
Lichen Sclerosus: disappearance
A cyst found in the vulva is probably a…
Bartholin’s duct cyst
Genital Herpes
- Gross description
- Micro description
- Shallow, painful ulcers
- Tzanck smears reveal multinucleated giant cells. Nuclei have ground glass appearance.
Condyloma acuminata
- MC infectious agent–be specific
- Gross appearance
- Micro appearance
- HPV types 6 & 11
- nontender nonpruritic lesions, cauliflowery
- acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, cytoplasmic vacuoles
Condyloma lata
- Infx agent
- Gross apperance
- Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
- Pale or gray flat warts (not cauliflowery)
What are the three MC vaginal infx in order of prevalence?
- Bacterial vaginosis
- Candida
- Trichomonas
Differentiate BV, candida, and trich on the basis of discharge, odor and pH.
BV + Trich: fishy odor, high vaginal pH
Candida: no odor, low pH, cottage cheese d/c”
What wet mount finding indicates BV?
Clue cells = epithelial cells covered in bacteria
Why is chlamydia difficult to find in the lab?
Because it lives inside human cells.
Characteristic histological finding for Neisseria gonorrhea
Neutrophils with Gram (-) intracellular diplocci
Vulvar intraepithlial neoplasia
- Gross appearance
- Micro apperance
- Assoc w/ which infx agent
- Inc risk of…?
- Presence of multicolored hyperpigmented skin plaques
- Diffuse cellular atypia, nuclear crowding, mitotic figures
- High-risk HPV
- Vulvar carcinoma
Vulvar carcinoma
- MC cell type
- Tumor marker
- When is HPV assoc?
- SCC (85%)
- p53 protein
- Poorly differentiated, positive for HPV; highly differentiated + keratinizing, HPV negative
Cancer assoc w/ DES exposure
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina/vulva
Cellular changes in which nuclei are enlarged and stain with a halo-like appearance (relates to cervical cancer)
Koilocytosis
Which grade of cervical dysplasia is characterized by koilocytosis?
Low-grade SIL/ASC-US
Which HPV strains are considered high-risk for cervical cancer?
16 & 18
Give the main risk factor for cervical cancer, along with at least 3 other risk factors.
Main: presence of HPV
Others: younger at first intercourse, multiple partners, OCP, tobacco, hx genital infx, multiple births
Endometriosis
- Definition
- MC ectopic site
- MC age group
- Gross appearance
- Micro appearance
- Endometrial tissue located outside the lining of uterus
- Ovaries
- Reproductive age
- Black/brown specks on tissues in the abdomen
- Endometrial glands and stroma
Endometrioma
- Common name
- Definition”
- Chocolate cyst
- Ovarian cyst that forms dt ectopic endometrial tissue bleeding inside the ovary
