Female Breast Anatomy Flashcards
At what gestational age do mammary glands begin to develop?
6W LMP
Mammary ridges AKA
Milk Lines
Which ducts have already developed by birth?
main lactiferous ducts
When do breasts ripen? (age)
9-16 years
What hormone stimulates TDLU growth?
progesterone
Rapid breast growth at puberty is AKA
thelarche
What is premature thelarche?
early breast development (6-8 years)
Breasts are not completely mature until
pregnancy and lactation occur
When are breasts mature if no immediate pregnancy after menarche?
2 years after menarche
Which breast is typically larger?
left
Congenital breast anomalies (6)
- nipple inversion
- athelia
- polythelia
- amastia
- polymastia
- amazia
Nipple inversion, when congenital, is typically
bilateral
Athelia AKA
absence of nipple
Absence of nipple AKA
Athelia
What is the #1 congenital breast anomaly?
Polythelia (Accessory Nipples)
Polythelia AKA
Accessory Nipples, #1 most common, typically inferior to normal nipple
Amastia
Failure of breast tissue and nipple to develop
Polymastia
Accessory breast tissue, usually with no nipple
Polymastia is more common in
men, typically axillary
Amazia
Absence of functioning breast tissue, under a normal nipple
Breasts AKA
Mammary Glands
Layers of tissue seen sonographically: (6)
- Skin
- Premammary layer
- Mammary layer
- Retromammary layer
- Muscle layer
- Chest wall
How thick is the breast skin layer?
0.5-2mm thick, most thick at base
What is the nipple composed of?
erectile tissues, and 15-20 excretory ducts for milk
The areola is made of
smooth muscle tissue
Montgomery Glands:
sebaceous glands on areolar surface that secrete protective oils during lactation
Axillary Tail of Spence:
mammary tissue that extends into upper outer quadrant and axilla region
Where does the pectoralis muscle lie?
2nd-6th rib, sternum-axilla
Where does the breast lie?
inferior to 1st or 2nd rib, superior to 7th