Feline Specific Oncology Flashcards
Other than injections, what have been described to have caused Injection site sarcomas?
Non absorbable material
What type of biopsy is recommended for diagnosis of suspected ISS?
Incisional
Why are excisional biopsies contraindicated with ISS? (2)
Tumour recur
Decreased dx free interval
Why are FNA and trucut biopsies not advised for ISS? (1)
Extensive inflamm - misdiagnose as granuloma
What is the “321” rule with inject site sarcomas?
If the mass has been present for longer than 3 months.
If the mass is wider than 2 cm in diameter.
If the mass increases in size after 1 month.
What is the most important treatment component for ISS?
Surgery
What margins should be taken for ISS?
Aggressive, radical surgery is recommended. In practice, this means surgery with at least 3 cm (preferably 5 cm) margins peripherally and one (preferably two) fascial planes deep to the tumour.
month.
What should you do if ISS includes an adjacent bone?
part of these bone structures must be removed during surgery
Why is advanced imaging recommended prior to Sx and removal of ISS?
Because these tumours are poorly encapsulated and extend along and infiltrate fascial planes,
According to a roundtable convened by VAFSTF (Vaccine Associated feline sarcoma task force, 2005), what is the recommended treatment approach to ISS?
Wide surgical excision
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Surgery alone with ISS - what is the recurrence rate?
70%
Radiation - Long term damage: (4)
Vascular damage
Neural damage
Fibrosis
Atrophy
Endocrine/growth effects
Radiation - Short term damage: (2)
GI disorders
Derm changes
What is the effectiveness of chemo in ISS?
Debatable
ISS:
A markedly longer remission time has been recorded in patients that were additionally treated with a)
Doxorubicin
Chemo drug of choice for ISS?
Doxorubicin
Side effects of doxorubicin in cats? (3)
Anaemia
Myelosupression
Nephrotoxicity
True or false:
A study showed a definite prolonged remission time in patients treated with doxorubicin.
True
True or false:
Administration of doxorubicin did prolong the disease-free survival time.
False
How many cancers in cats are mammary?
20%
What is the most common mammary tumour in cats?
Adenocarcinoma
Which breed is higher risk of mammary tumour?
Siamese
What is the increased risk of an entire having mammary tumour vs neutered?
7 x
In order for ovariohysterectomy to have a protective role against mammary tumours, it must be performed early in life. The protective effects diminish quickly and there appears to be no benefit to this after what age in cats?
2 years
What are the 3 areas to allow adequate staging of mammary tumours?
- Evaluating the size of the primary tumour
- Evaluating the involvement of the regional LN (axillary and inguinal)
- Identifying any distant mets (via 3 view thoracic radiographs or thoracic CT and abdominal ultrasound/CT)
Mammary tumours - which chemo drug?
Doxorubicin +/- others
Why is chemotherapy routinely needed in mammary tumours?
Neoplastic cells invade lymphatic system
What does the survival time with mammary tumours depend on? (4)
Size of the tumour
Extent of surgery
The grade
Whether additional therapy is used
What two target therapy drugs are used in veterinary?
Toceranib (palladia)
Matinib (Masivet)
What type of MCT can show systemic signs? (2)
Visceral
Disseminated
Surgery for disseminated MCT is not recommended - unless…
The spleen is involved
Which drugs can reduce clinical signs of inflammation or stomach ulceration with MCT?
histamine receptors antagonist (such as cyproheptadine and famotidine)
What drug can be used to reduce inflammation with MCT?
Steroids
What is a major cause of SCC in cats?
sunlight
Where to SCC most commonly form in cats?
Ears, eye ridges, eyelids, nose, or lips of cats that have white skin in these regions.
What is the most common oral tumour in cats?
SCC
Which of the following have been associated with a significantly increased risk of developing oral SCC?
A) Diet consisting of dry commercial food only
B) Exposure to household tobacco smoke
C) Exposure to plug in room fresheners
D) High intake of canned food (especially canned tuna fish)
E) The use of flea collars
B) Exposure to household tobacco smoke
D) High intake of canned food (especially canned tuna fish)
E) The use of flea collar
SCC in cats - met rate?
low
What tumour accounts for 15-26 % of all skin tumours in cats.
Basal cell
Which breeds have a breed predisposition for basal cell tumour? (3)
DLH
himalayan
persian
What colour do basal cell tumours TEND to be?
dark
Haemangiosarcomas of the skin tend to effect which cats?
White/those than sunbathe
Where do haemangiosarcomas spread? (2)
Lungs and liver
A) skin lymphosarcoma is the most frequently recognised form of lymphoid skin tumours in cats. The disease tends to develop in older animals. Signs are often extremely subtle: tumours often appear initially as a crusty plaque that may B)
A) epitheliotropic
B) itch
A) skin lymphosarcoma may occur as either single or multiple tumours that are most likely to develop on the B) of cats.
A) Non Epitheliotropic
B) Trunk
How common are melanomas?
uncommon
Where do melanocytic tumours more commonly devevlop?
head, digits, ear, and nose
What is sebaceous gland hyperplasia?
a benign overgrowth of sebaceous gland cells.
Which breed is predisposed to Sebaceous gland adenomas?
Persian
What are the two types of sweat glands?
Apocrine
Eccrine
Which breed is pre disposed to apocrine gland adenocarcinoma?
Siamese
Where are eccrine glands found?
Footpads
Neoplasia Cats with white coats/lighter pigmentation:
Predisposed to… (2)
Haemangiosarcoma
SCC
Neoplasia Siamese are predisposed to.. (2)
Mammary gland tumours
Apocrine gland adenocarcinoma
Neoplasia Persians are predisposed to.. (2)
Sebaceous gland adenoma
Basal cell tumour
