Feeding Program Flashcards
Receiving nutritional goals
1) Adapt cattle to diet & build water intake and DMI
2) Adapt cattle to environment
3) Adapt cattle to cohorts
Backgrounding nutritional goals
1) Controlled growth
2) Optimize feed efficiency and cost
3) Support immune responsiveness
Finishing nutritional goals
1) Manage digestive disorders
2) Maximize feed efficiency
3) Target carcass composition
4) Support immune responsiveness
Pre-weaning factors increasing BRD chances
- Persistent BVD
- Low pre-weaning health
- Possibly temperament
Pre-weaning factors decreasing BRD chances
- Prenatal nutrition
- Colostrum intake
- Good pre-weaning health
- Possibly temperament
- Preconditioning
Post-weaning factors increasing BRD chances
- Transportation
- Commingling
- Receiving management (castration, dehorning, etc.)
Post-weaning factors decreasing BRD chances
- Receiving dietary nutrients
- Prophylactic antibiotics
Main factors of increased challenges during receiving
Increased time without feed and water
3 primary needs that must be address after arrival
- Water
- Feed
- Rest
Newly weaned calves are subjected to stress from….
- Confinement
- Handling
- Shipping
- Mixing
- Treatment
Negative consequences of stress
- Reduced appetite
- Poor immune response
- Increased morbidity and mortality
2 ways to encourage calves to eat
- Provide familiar feed (long stem hay)
- Feed hay on ground by bunk or drape over the bunk
ADG can be reduced by…
Too much hay
Target CP of receiving diet
~14% of DM
Target potassium of receiving diet
1.2 - 1.4% of DM
When is the greatest concern for issue after arrival
First 45 days
Preconditioning includes…
- Vaccination 3 wk prior to market
- Castrated / dehorned (if necessary)
- Treated for parasites
- Weaned (45 days) and experience eating from bunk
Outcomes of preconditioning
- Improved rates of gain
- Reduces treatments
Receiving diet forage:concentrate
70:30 - 25:75
Effects of BRD
- Decreased feedlot performance
- Decreased carcass quality
How does stress lead to BRD?
Stress increase cortisol, high cortisol cause suppressed immunity, increasing chances of BRD infection
Calf risk categories
- High
- Moderate
- Low
The factors used to assign risk categories…
1) Related to time in transit from origin
2) Likely to be highly correlated with amount of time without feed and water
What do risk categories mean?
Relates to how much stress they have encountered and probability they will develop BRD
Benefits of yearlings over weaners
- Not likely to be highly stressed
- Not at high risk for BRD
- Likely to adapt to bunk and diet well
- Usually quickly moved to starter diet
Mistakes when feeding yearlings and how to combat
Often stepped up too rapidly because of high intakes , can cause over intake of concentrates. Provide forage for filling to avoid acidosis
