Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych matrix > Feeding and eating disorders > Flashcards

Feeding and eating disorders Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Perfectionism and poor self-esteem
Early menarche
Exposure to environment in which weight concerns and restrictive dieting prevails
Family history of members who are thin or underweight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a general description of What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Intense preoccupation with weight and body shape and a relentless pursuit of thinness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three key clinical features of What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Underweight for height and age
Intense fear of fatness and gaining weight, or behaviours to avoid weight gain
Overvalued ideas of body weight and shape on self-view, or denial of seriousness of low weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are common behavioural characteristics of people with What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa?

A 
Vomiting and laxative abuse
Excessive exercise (sometimes covert)
Both carried out obsessively with guilt present when not done.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the physical and biochemical findings associated with What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Decresed gonadotropins & sex hormones
Altered thyroid metabolism
Raised cortisol and GH

Severe electrolyte disturbances (Potassium, calcium, phosphates)

Cardiac arrhythmias

Renal failure

Osteopenia / osteoporosis

Rectal prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In the emergency treatment of What are the risk factors for Anorexia Nervosa what are the 12 categories of changes that must be monitored and treated?

A

DR, I GET salty CHIPS, DER

Dental changes
Renal changes

Intercellular changes

Gastrointestinal changes
Endocrine changes
Temperature changes

Electrolyte changes

Cardiac changes
Haematological changes
Immune system changes
Pregnancy changes
Skin / bone changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main intercellular change in Anorexia nervosa and how is it monitored and managed acutely?

A

Change:
Increased protein catabolism
Monitoring:
Measure pulse and BP lying and standing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the main Endocrine changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A

Changes:
Dehydration
Oedema
Low gonadotropin and sex steroids (amenorrhea)
Altered peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone
Raise cortisol and GH
Hyperaldosteronism
Hypoglycaemia
Poor metabolic control in T1DM (needs specialist referral)

Monitoring:
TFT
Monitor hormone imbalances
Repeated BSL monitoring

Acute management:
Thiamine administration with refeeding for hypoglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the main Electrolyte changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A 
Changes:
Hypokalaemia
Hypochloraemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypomagnesaemia (**refractory hypokalaemia)
Hypoglycaemia
Hypophosphatemia 
Hyperphosphataemia (vomiting)

Monitoring:
Electrolytes
Blood gas
ECG

Acute management:
Careful K+ replacement (oral)
Correct alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the main Gastrointestinal changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A 
Changes:
Acute pancreatitis
Parotid and salivary gland hypertrophy
Reduced gastric motility 
Oesophagitis / ulceration / strictures
Mallory-weiss tears
Gastric rupture
Diarrhoea
Raised liver enzymes
Low albumin

Monitoring:
Physical exam (gastro)
LFT (AST &ALP) + Lipase

Acute management:
Surgical referral for complications
Bowel rest, NG suction, and fluid replacement for pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main Haematological change in Anorexia nervosa and how is it monitored and managed acutely?

A

Change:
Anaemia

Monitoring:
FBE +/- Iron studies
B12
Folate

Management:
Oral replacement therapies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main Body Temperature change in Anorexia nervosa and how is it monitored and managed acutely?

A

Change:
Hypothermia

Monitoring:
Repeated temperature measurement
Observe for signs of infection as hypothermia can mask pyrexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main Immune function changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A

Change:
Low white cell count
Susceptibility to bacterial infections

Monitor:
FBE
Monitor for signs of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the main Cardiovascular changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A

Changes:
Bradycardia and hypotension
Arrhythmias
Cardiomyopathy (Ipecac (emetic) use)

Monitoring:
ECG (always)
CXR

Treatment:
Symptomatic oedema treatment
Treatment of arrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the main Renal changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A 
Changes:
Elevated UEC (increased muscle catabolism)
Hypokalaemic nephropathy
Reduced serum creatinine
High ketones
Polyuria

Monitoring:
UEC

Treatment:
If needed, specialist referral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the main Skin / Bone changes in Anorexia nervosa and how are they monitored and managed acutely?

A 
Changes:
Osteopenia / stress fractures
Brittle hair and hair loss
Lanugo hair 
Vomiting, dorsal hand abrasions, facial purpura, and conjunctival haemorrhage (from initiating vomiting)

Monitoring:
Dexa scan

Treatment:
Calcium and vitamin D supplementation
DO NOT GIVE PHOSPHATE

17
Q

What is the main Dental change in Anorexia nervosa and how is it monitored and managed acutely?

A

Change:
Erosions and perimyolysis

Monitoring and treatment:
Dental referral

18
Q

What are the pregnancy complications in patients with Anorexia Nervosa?

A 
Spontaneous abortion
Perinatal mortality
Prematurity
Low birth weight
Congenital malformations
19
Q

What is the general exam findings in a patient with suspected Anorexia Nervosa?

A 
Vital signs (Mitral prolapse, and irregular pulse)
Oedema
Stress fractures
Acrocyanosis
Lanugo hair
Enlarged thyroid
Low weight
Abrasions on the dorsum of the hand
Dental erosions
Perimyolysis
20
Q

What are some key points to cover when discussing treatment with someone with Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Resuming normal eating will diminish preoccupation with food, relieve tiredness and depression, and facilitate improved relationships.

They will not be confined to a bed

They will not be force fed

They will not be isolated from friends and family

They will not become obese

Compromise cannot be made on food intake (you can’t be a little anorexic)

21
Q

What is refeeding syndrome?

A

When metabolism is stimulated by refeeding and demand for substances like potassium and phosphates increases.
Since reserves are depleted this causes a rapid drop in serum concentrations.

22
Q

What are the significant signs of refeeding syndrome?

A 
SOB
Oedema
Weakness
Seizures
Delirium
Coma
23
Q

What is Bulimia Nervosa?

A

A cyclic pattern of behaviour typified by episodes of binges and uncontrolled overeating, associated with shame.

Can be restricting (over exercise) or purging (vomiting, emetics, laxatives) types

24
Q

What are the four primary clinical features of Bulimia Nervosa?

A

Recurrent binge eating or uncontrolled overeating

Use of extreme measures to control weight (purging and non-purging)

Overvalued ideas of body weight and shape on self view

Normal weight or overweight

25
Q

What are the most significant electrolyte changes observed in patients with Bulimia Nervosa?

A

Decreased serum potassium

Metabolic acidosis

26
Q

What ECG changes are associated with hypokalaemia?

A 
Increased amplitude and width of P wave
Prolonged PR interval
T wave flattening and inversion
ST depression
Prominent U waves (on precordial leads)

**long QT (really fusion of T and U waves)

27
Q

Which drugs has been shown to attenuate binge eating independent on its effects on other psychological / psychiatric disturbances?

A

SSRIs

28
Q

What is Binge eating disorder?

A

A disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of binge eating without the need for compensation

29
Q

What are the 4 key clinical features of Binge eating disorder?

A

Recurrent and distressing binge eating

No regular use of extreme measures to control weight

Overvalued ideals of body weight and shape on self-view not required

Normal weight or overweight

30
Q

What are the two goals in treatment for Anorexia Nervosa?

A
  1. The restoration of normal weight for height and age

2. Identification and management of any contributing family and personal problems

31
Q

What is the indicated pharmacological treatment in Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Drugs are of no proven benefit for primary Anorexia Nervosa.

Antidepressants can be prescribed IF the patient has a persistently depressed mood, neurovegetative symptoms, and depressive ideation.

TCAs and MAOIs should be used only as a last resort and with comprehensive monitoring for cardiotoxicity.

Treatment is in line with depression guidelines, but all dosages are halved.

**Olanzapine may be used if the patient is extremely agitated

32
Q

What is the pharmacological treatment used in Bulimia Nervosa?

A

First line:
Fluoxetine (20-60mg)

Second line:
Citalopram (10-40mg)
Fluvoxamine (50-300mg)
Sertraline (50-200mg)

33
Q

What is the preferred non-pharmacological treatment for eating disorders in general?

A

CBT
Psychoeducation
Nutritional advice / planning

Psych matrix (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions