Feeding Flashcards

1
Q

What does the SOS feeding approach assess and address

A

all of the underlying causes of feeding difficulties

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2
Q

What classifies a child as a picky eater

A

Eats at least 30 foods
Foods lost to burn out usually are eaten again after 2 weeks
tolerates new foods on their plate and can touch or taste them
Easts more than 1 food from most food groups

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3
Q

What classifies a child as a problem eater

A

Eats less than 20 foods
Burn-out foods are not re-acquired
cries with new foods
Refuses entire food groups pr textures

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4
Q

SOS evaluation process

A

Gather a food list of what wild eats
Observation of a meal with family
Gather background information
look into oral motor skills

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5
Q

What food group is often lacking in picky/problem eaters

A

Fruits and vegatables

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6
Q

Things to look for when observing a family meal

A

DO they eat together
Are they at the table
what language is used revolving food
what is the energy level like

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7
Q

SOS treatment

A

always start with a good rapport and with preferred food
Establish the just right challenge with certain food items
Focus on parent education and how skills used in therapy can transfer to home

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8
Q

What is the first thing to look at when addressing feeding

A

Posture

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9
Q

Steps to eating

A
  1. Tolerate
  2. Interact with
  3. smell
  4. touch
  5. taste
  6. Eating
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10
Q

Systematic Desensitization in Feeding

A

children are allowed to get used to easy things about food and eating first and then helped with progressing up to harder foods

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11
Q

Food chaining

A

Starting with a preferred food and moving towards a new food
Want to progress by only changing one thing about the food such as color or texture

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12
Q

Family Style Serving

A

All foods are brought to the table and everyone gets a little of everything
Includes a few preferred foods
No separate meals for kids
Might use a learning plate if child cannot tolerate it on their own

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13
Q

Responsive Feeding guidelines

A

Coach parents on how to engage in positive interactions
Watch the children’s cues and listen to what they tell you
If they are done let them be done
Support the development of trust between the caregiver and the child by eliminating pressure

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14
Q

Division of Responsibility for infant

A

Parent is responsible for what they eat
Infant is responsible for how much and everything else

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15
Q

Division of Responsibility for babies

A

parent is responsible for what and is becoming responsible for when and where the child is offered food
Child is responsible for how much and whether to eat the foods

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16
Q

Division of responsibility for toddlers through adolescents

A

the parent is responsible for what when and where
The child is responsible for how much and whether or not to eat

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17
Q

Authoritarian Feeding Style

A

Forceful, restrictive, structured
Relies on force-feeding and overpowers the child
May occur when there are concerns about intake

Consequences: Avoidant behaviors, overweight, child has difficulty self-regulating

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18
Q

Uninvolved feeding style

A

unengaged, unstructured, no help during meals, lack of reciprocity
This may include parents distracted by technology or mental health issues

Consequences: Child eats because food is there, child unable to recognize hunger

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19
Q

Indulgent Feeding style

A

involved, nurturing, unstructured
May use food as reward to comfort
Allows child to choose food for meals, offers multiple alternative foods

Consequences: child has high intake of foods with sugar and salt, overweight, child decided when/what to eat, maybe picky

20
Q

Authoritative Feeding Style

A

WHAT WE WANT
involved, nurturing, structured
Engages in conversation
Provides clear expectations around mealtimes

Consequences: child learns to self regulate and self-feed, develops healthy eating habits and learns that meals are fun

21
Q

pediatric feeding assessment

A

Medical history
Developmental history
Feeding difficulty
Current Feeding routine
Oral motor and sensory skills
Parent feeding styles

22
Q

Best practice guidelines for feeding

A

Want the parent to engage in the strategies and feeding during the session so that they feel successful

23
Q

Infant Assessment for feeding

A

Pre- and Postnatal histories
State regulation
Positioning and postural stability
Non-nutritive sucking skills (pacifier)
Nutritive sucking skills

24
Q

Positioning and Postural Stability

A

Head position
Muscle tone
Overall alignment, make sure body is all facing in the right direction

25
Q

Non-nutritive sucking

A

Should be very rhythmic
Tongue lip and jaw movements
Pacifier shape can be geared towards what the baby needs
Sucking burst- 6-8 sucks then a pause
Might gag if not doing well with the pacifier

26
Q

Nutritive Sucking Skills

A

Suck-swallow-breathe coordination- has to do with milk flow, might be difficult for very young infants
Suck-swallow ratio- should be 1-2 sucks then swallow
Lip seal- lips might be curled in

27
Q

Signs of stress during feeding-

A

Crying
Finger splaying
Falling asleep

28
Q

feeding milestones at 6 months

A

Swallows purees
munching begins

29
Q

Feeding milestones at 8 months

A

eats textured purees and mashed table foods

30
Q

When does finger feeding begin

A

by 9 months should be able to finger feed most of meal

31
Q

12 month feeding milestone

A

eats chopped table foods
bites through soft foods

32
Q

15 months feeding milestone

A

chews some meats and raw vegetables
Bites through hard foods

33
Q

Common feeding challenges

A

persistant gaging
minimal movement of the tongue from side to side
pocketing/stuffing
swallowing food whole
Refusal to self-feed
Food intolerances

34
Q

Ways to support the parent at meal times

A

Identify beliefs and fears around food
Educate them on the skills required and importance of self-feeding
empower parents to advocate at medical appointments
Look at responsive feeding and responsiblity

35
Q

What is not effective when working on feeding?

A

Pressure at mealtimes
Child should be in control of what they are eating and what steps they are taking

36
Q

Optimal positioning for airway during feeding

A

Head in neutral with chin tuck
Epiglottis folds over entrance to trachea
Larynx rises
Vocal folds close

37
Q

potential challenges of the jaw during feeding

A

Unstable
wider opening that needed
Clenched
Stability bite
Reflexive (tonic) bite
Retraction
Asymmetry

38
Q

Interventions to help jaw

A

Positioning
Low tone- resist jaw movements to improve stability
High tone- massage
Retraction- position prone or side lying to bring jaw and tongue forward
Bite stability- 2 fingers and thumb

39
Q

Pierre robin sequence

A

Small jaw
Glossoptosis
tongue lip adhesion

40
Q

Potential challenges with the tongue

A

Retracted
Protruded (low tone or tongue thrust)
Asymmetrical
Limited mobility

41
Q

Tongue interventions

A

Position
Stable jaw
Retracted- entice forward and to the sides
Protruded- push down with spoon on center of tongue or on lower lip
Place food on sides to increase movements

42
Q

Potential lip challenges

A

Retraction -high tone
poor lip closure from low tone
Asymmetry
limited movement

43
Q

Lip intervention

A

Positioning
Stability
Stroking from nasal area downward
Straws
Oral motor toys (whistles, blowing bubbles)

44
Q

Potential cheek challenges

A

Low tone- unable to develop pressure to suck, cant push food side to side
High tone- static, cant push food side to side

45
Q

Cheeks intervention

A

Positioning
Tap cheek muscles
Shake out muscles
Place food on side teeth
sucking through straw

46
Q

Potential palate challenges

A

poor timing or insuffiecnt elevation of soft palate
try changing position or consistency of food
SLP help

47
Q
A