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Ani Nut Lec > Feed Additives and Supplements > Flashcards

Feed Additives and Supplements Flashcards

1
Q

added to rations to improve health, metabolism, feed
acceptance, or even as a growth stimulator. Most importantly, provide specific nutrient to the animal.

A

Nutritive feed ingredients

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2
Q

These are preservatives that prevent the autoxidation of fats (rancidity).

A

Antioxidants

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3
Q

Antioxidants help to keep feed, flours, premixes, and animal fats fresh and healthy, allowing them to be stored for longer periods of time because?

A

because antioxidants protect them from oxidative deterioration, preserving their sensory characteristics and preventing rancidity and discoloration.

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4
Q

________ ______ can weaken dairy cattle to several diseases and metabolic disorders during lactation.

A

Oxidative stress

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5
Q

are really important for keeping livestock healthy, especially when it comes to their growth, production, reproduction, and immunity.

A

Vitamins

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6
Q

support tissue structure development and
maintenance.

A

Fat-soluble vitamins (dissolve in fats)

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7
Q

especially the B vitamins, are
essential for metabolic processes (acting as co-enzymes).

A

Water-soluble vitamins (dissolve in water)

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8
Q

help animals keep a healthy level of ________ and vitamins in their body tissues. This is important for basic functions, producing things like milk and meat, supporting the growth of a fetus, and maintaining fertility (the animal’s ability to reproduce).

A

Mineral feed supplements

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9
Q

Recognized as a fundamental requirement for the correct functioning of the organism. These elements are present in all body cells to fulfill different metabolic functions.

A

Mineral

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10
Q

are live microorganisms that, when given in sufficient amounts, provide health benefits to the host.

A

Probiotics

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11
Q

They help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria, improve digestion, boost the immune system, and may reduce the risk of certain diseases.

A

Probiotics

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12
Q

are non-digestible components that support the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria.

A

Prebiotics

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13
Q

They act as food for probiotics,
promoting their development and function.

A

Prebiotics

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14
Q

Common sources of prebiotics include:

A

dietary fibers such as inulin and fructooligosaccharides.

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15
Q

is of the most common probiotics used in
ruminant nutrition, and in prebiotics plants high in inulin such as chicory root is used.

A

Live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

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16
Q

Used to prevent fungal (mold) growth in stored feed ingredients and mixed feeds

A

Antifungals

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17
Q

reduces palatability and may produce mycotoxins

A

Molds

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18
Q

is an effective antifungal agent and has the advantage of
supplying an essential nutrient

A

Phosphoric acid

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18
Q

increases the density of the feed, often resulting in increased feed intake and improved growth and feed efficiency.

A

Pellet Binders

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19
Q

It reduces feed wastage and eliminates sorting of ingredients by animals, reduces dust and increases ease of feed handling.

A

Pellet Binders

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20
Q

These are used to increase the acceptance of diets low in palatability, increase the intake of palatable diets and increase the intake of diets during periods of stress

A

Feed Flavors

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21
Q

are used in ruminant diets to aid in adaptation from high roughage to high concentrate diets and prevent lactic acidosis

A

Buffers

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22
Q

have beneficial effects on growth, feed efficiency and incidence of enteric disease

A

Zeolites

23
Q

are antibiotics widely used for cattle, including monensin, lasalocid, salinomycin, lysocline and narasin. These compounds are used as coccidiostats in poultry.

A

Ionophores

24
Q

Ionophores are the main?

A

methane inhibitors used in practice

25
Q

they are used for the modification of gut microbes and stimulation of intestinal immune system

A

Oligosaccharides

26
Q

These are used to prevent postweaning diarrhea (scours)

A

Acidifiers (Organic Acids)

27
Q

Substances that increase the production and secretion of saliva

A

Salivation Inducers

28
Q

A synthetic progesterone that suppresses estrus and improves weight and feed efficiency in feedlot heifers.

A

Melengestrol acetate (MGA)

29
Q

They are norepinephrine analogs that stimulate β-adrenergic receptors

A

Beta-Adrenergic Agents (Repartitioning Agents)

30
Q

are called repartitioning agents because they result in a repartitioning of nutrients from fat to protein synthesis, causing increased muscle mass and
decreased body fat

A

Beta-Adrenergic Agents (Repartitioning Agents)

31
Q

These are natural metabolites of fungi that inhibit the growth of bacteria

A

Antibiotics

32
Q

used as growth promotants are fed at lower levels (subtherapeutic levels) than when they are used for the treatment or prevention of disease

A

Antibiotics

33
Q

Used to improve animal performance

A

Saponins

34
Q

Added to the feed for the treatment and/or prevention of disease or internal parasites

A

Drugs

35
Q

commonly used in feeds include worming agents (phenothiazine, dichlorvos piperazine) and coccidiostats (monensin, amprolium, sulfaquinoxaline)

A

Drugs

36
Q

These substances are primarily used for the control of ammonia

A

Environmentally Active Substance

37
Q

Compounds that stimulate an animal’s immune system, resistance to microbial effect

A

Immunomodulators

38
Q

These are red and yellow carotenoid pigments that are important in poultry nutrition because they are deposited in egg yolk and body fat,producing yellow pigmentation of eggs and of the skin and shanks of broiler

A

Xantophyll

39
Q

identifies the nutrients that are deficient or adequate in the feed to meet the nutritional requirements necessary for animal growth, lactation, and other functions. During this process, different types of feeds are combined to ensure they meet the specific needs of the animal (Erickson, 2021).

A

Feed Analysis

40
Q

One of the most well-known methods of feed analysis is?

A

Proximate Analysis

41
Q

This method is divided into
six components: water, ash, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, and crude
fiber.

A

Proximate Analysis

42
Q

measures the fat and oil content in feed using a Soxhlet apparatus, consisting of an extractor, condenser, and a flask.

A

Ether Extract

43
Q

Crude protein is measured by determining the?

A

nitrogen content of the feed and multiplying it by 6.25, assuming proteins contain approximately 16% nitrogen.

44
Q

involves digestion, distillation, and titration of the sample to determine nitrogen.

A

Kjeldahl method

45
Q

which includes soluble carbohydrates and other digestible non-nitrogenous substances, is calculated by subtracting the total percentages of moisture, crude fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and ash from 100.

A

NFE

46
Q

refer to a variety of methods used in chemical analysis and
synthesis that involve the use of liquid solutions.

A

Traditional wet chemistry techniques

47
Q

This is a quantitative analytical method used to determine the concentration of a solute in a solution.

A

Titration

48
Q

This technique separates solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that allows only the fluid to pass through.

A

Filtration

49
Q

This method involves causing a solid to form in a solution during a chemical reaction.

A

Precipitation

50
Q

This technique separates components in a mixture based on their boiling points. The mixture is heated until one or more components vaporize, and then the vapor is cooled and condensed back into liquid form.

A

Distillation

51
Q

This process separates compounds based on their solubility in different solvents.
It is often used to isolate specific substances from complex mixtures.

A

Extraction

52
Q

refers to the analytical technique of using near-infrared radiation to analyze samples for compositional or characteristic traits.

A

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy or NIR

53
Q

is a region of the electromagnetic spectrum that has unique properties which make it very useful for characterizing materials.

A

NIR

54
Q

determines the level of nutrients present such as proteins, fats, fibers and carbohydrates to ensure that the formulations of the feed meets the specific dietary requirements for different
animals.

A

NIR

Ani Nut Lec (4 decks)

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